| Country: | Japan |
| Flag Year: | 1870 |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Previous Election: | 1953 Japanese general election |
| Previous Year: | 1953 |
| Election Date: | 27 February 1955 |
| Next Election: | 1958 Japanese general election |
| Next Year: | 1958 |
| Seats For Election: | All 467 seats in the House of Representatives of Japan |
| Majority Seats: | 234 |
| Turnout: | 75.83% (1.62pp) |
| Leader1: | Ichirō Hatoyama |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (Japan, 1954) |
| Last Election1: | 26.71%, 111 seats |
| Seats1: | 185 |
| Seat Change1: | 74 |
| Popular Vote1: | 13,536,044 |
| Percentage1: | 36.57% |
| Swing1: | 9.86pp |
| Leader2: | Taketora Ogata |
| Party2: | Liberal Party (Japan, 1950) |
| Last Election2: | 38.95%, 199 seats |
| Seats2: | 112 |
| Seat Change2: | 87 |
| Popular Vote2: | 9,849,458 |
| Percentage2: | 26.61% |
| Swing2: | 12.34pp |
| Leader4: | Mosaburō Suzuki |
| Party4: | Leftist Socialist Party of Japan |
| Last Election4: | 13.05%, 72 seats |
| Seats4: | 89 |
| Seat Change4: | 17 |
| Popular Vote4: | 5,683,312 |
| Percentage4: | 15.35% |
| Swing4: | 2.30pp |
| Leader5: | Jōtarō Kawakami |
| Party5: | Rightist Socialist Party of Japan |
| Last Election5: | 13.52%, 66 seats |
| Seats5: | 67 |
| Seat Change5: | 1 |
| Popular Vote5: | 5,129,594 |
| Percentage5: | 13.86% |
| Swing5: | 0.34pp |
| Prime Minister | |
| Before Party: | Democratic Party (Japan, 1954) |
| After Party: | Democratic Party (Japan, 1954) |
General elections were held in Japan on 27 February 1955. The result was a victory for the Japan Democratic Party, which won 185 of the 467 seats.[1] Voter turnout was 76%.
On 15 November 1955, the Japan Democratic Party and the Liberal Party combined as the modern Liberal Democratic Party, which ruled Japan continuously until 1993. The Rightist Socialist Party of Japan and the Leftist Socialist Party of Japan also merged to form the Japan Socialist Party, which was Japan's largest opposition party in the 1955 system.
| Prefecture | Total seats | Seats won | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DP | LP | LSPJ | RSPJ | LFP | JCP | Others | Ind. | |||
| Aichi | 19 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 1 | |||||
| Akita | 8 | 5 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
| Aomori | 7 | 5 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Chiba | 13 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 1 | |||||
| Ehime | 9 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | |||||
| Fukui | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||||
| Fukuoka | 19 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 5 | |||||
| Fukushima | 12 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | ||||
| Gifu | 9 | 4 | 3 | 2 | ||||||
| Gunma | 10 | 6 | 1 | 3 | ||||||
| Hiroshima | 12 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 2 | |||||
| Hokkaido | 22 | 8 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Hyōgo | 18 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 5 | |||||
| Ibaraki | 12 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Ishikawa | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | ||||||
| Iwate | 8 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Kagawa | 6 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Kagoshima | 11 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | |||||
| Kanagawa | 13 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 3 | |||||
| Kōchi | 5 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Kumamoto | 10 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |||||
| Kyoto | 10 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | |||||
| Mie | 9 | 5 | 2 | 2 | ||||||
| Miyagi | 9 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |||||
| Miyazaki | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | ||||||
| Nagano | 13 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | ||||
| Nagasaki | 9 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | |||||
| Nara | 5 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Niigata | 15 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | |||||
| Ōita | 7 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Okayama | 10 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | |||||
| Osaka | 19 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 1 | |||
| Saga | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||
| Saitama | 13 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 1 | |||||
| Shiga | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Shimane | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Shizuoka | 14 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 1 | |||||
| Tochigi | 10 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | |||||
| Tokushima | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Tokyo | 27 | 14 | 1 | 6 | 6 | |||||
| Tottori | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Toyama | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Wakayama | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
| Yamagata | 8 | 3 | 3 | 2 | ||||||
| Yamaguchi | 9 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||||
| Yamanashi | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Total | 467 | 185 | 112 | 89 | 67 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 6 | |