30-pounder short gun | |
Origin: | France |
Type: | naval gun |
Is Artillery: | yes |
Is Uk: | yes |
Service: | 19th century |
Used By: | French Navy |
Wars: | Invasion of Algiers, Battle of the Tagus, Battle of Veracruz |
Unit Cost: | 1243.5 Francs |
Weight: | 2487kg (5,483lb) |
Length: | 291.9cm (114.9inches) |
Part Length: | 235cm (93inches) |
Caliber: | 164.7 mm[1] |
The 30-pounder short gun was a piece of artillery mounted on French warships of the Age of sail. They were the middle-sized component of the unified system standardised on the 30-pounder calibre, replacing both the 24-pounders and 18-pounders in many usages.
The 30-pounder short gun was installed on the lower deck on frigates and on the middle deck of three-deckers, the main battery being armed with 30-pounder long guns and the upper deck, with 30-pounder carronades.
In the wake of the Napoleonic Wars, the Navy undertook a number of reforms, most notably a reform in the artillery system. In contrast with the 1788 system, where large warships armed their main batteries with large 36-pounder long guns and upper deck with smaller long guns using smaller shots, it was decided to standardise on the 30-pound calibre, and deploy a variety of guns of different weights, as not to overload the tops. The differences in weight were obtained by fielding a large 30-pounder long gun, a shorter 30-pounder with a thinner barrel, and a 30-pounder carronade.
This allowed a much simplified handling of ammunition, and significantly increased the broadsides of warships. A first-rank 60-gun frigate of the 1840s thus armed had a heavier broadside than a 74-gun ship of the line of the 1780s.
. Aide-mémoire d'artillerie navale . Jules Joseph Lafay . 1850 . J. Corréard .