| Conflict: | Battle of Dabhoi |
| Partof: | Maratha Civil Wars |
| Date: | 28 April 1731 |
| Place: | Dabhoi (in present-day Gujarat, India) |
| Coordinates: | 22.1376°N 73.4162°W |
| Result: | Bajirao I's victory[1] |
| Combatant1: | Trimbakrao's Maratha faction Supported by: Nizam of Hyderabad[2] |
| Url: | https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.1545/page/n159/mode/2up |
| Editor1-Last: | Sardesai |
| Editor1-First: | Govind Sakharam |
| New Cambridge History of Marathas Vol 2 | |
| Page: | 143 |
The Battle of Dabhoi was fought on 28 April 1731, and it was a major confrontation between the Trimbak Rao Dabhade and Baji Rao I due to political interference of Peshwas in Gujarat Province.[3] It was fought due to rights of Chauth (Tax Collection) of Gujarat. The rights of collecting Chauth of Gujarat was held by Dabhade clan from the time of Khanderao Dabhade. Baji Rao I ask Trimbak Rao Dabhade to share the rights of Chauth of Gujarat to him. But Trimbak Rao refused and due to this Baji Rao attack suddenly on the army camp of Dabhade's in April 1731. The Pawar brothers of Dhar were also upset with Baji Rao I due his policy in Malwa so they also join Trimbak Rao's side. Some other sources says that Trimbak Rao join Nizam of Hyderabad due to which Bajirao I attack him.[4]
In the year 1731, Baji Rao I ask Trimbak Rao Dabhade to share the rights of Chauth of Gujarat to him. But Trimbak Rao refuse to share the rights of Chauth and due to this the battle was fought. The Pawar brothers of Dhar were also upset with Baji Rao I due his policy so they also join Trimbak Rao's side.
This move was considered unacceptable Chimaji Appa, who led a large army to intercept Trimbak Rao Dabhade during the Battle of Dabhoi. Where in battle Trimbak Rao who was seated on an elephant was shot by a musketeer and due to which the morale of his troops started decreasing. Trimbak Rao's father-in-law; Maloji Pawar of Waghale was also killed in this battle. Many commanders of Peshwas died in this battle.[5] After the death of Trimbak Rao in battlefield Chimaji Appa retreat his force and moved towards Satara.[6]
The matter was settled by Shahu between Peshwa and Senapati of Maratha Empire. Yashwant Rao Dabhade were given the title of Sersenapati. Pilaji Gaekwad was appointed as chief of Gujarat Province. The Chauth in Malwa were given to Pawar brothers.[7]