Bhai Parmanand Explained

Bhai Parmanand
Birth Date:4 November 1876
Birth Place:Karyala, Jhelum District, Punjab Province, British India
Death Date:8 December 1947
Death Place:New Delhi, India
Occupation:RevolutionaryFreedom Fighter
Organization:Ghadar Party
Known For:• Founding member of Ghadar Party
Ghadar Conspiracy
Movement:Indian Independence MovementGhadar Movement
Notable Works:Tarikh-i-Hind
Monuments:Bhai Parmanand Institute of Business Studies
Children:Bhai Mahavir

Bhai Parmanand (4 November 1876 – 8 December 1947) was an Indian nationalist and a prominent leader of the Ghadar Party and Hindu Mahasabha.

Early life

Parmanand was born on 4 November 1876 in Karyala (Punjab, Pakistan) to Bhai Tara Chand Chibber in a prominent Mohyal Brahmin family and his father was an active religious missionary within the Arya Samaj movement.[1]

Views on partition

While reading letters of Lala Lajpat Rai to him in 1909, he had jotted an idea that 'the territory beyond Sindh could be united with North-West Frontier Province into a great Musulman Kingdom. The Hindus of the region should come away, while at the same time the Musulmans in the rest of the country should go and settle in this territory'.[2] [3] [4]

Overseas missions

In October 1905, Parmanand visited South Africa and stayed with Mahatma Gandhi as a Vedic missionary.[5] Parmanand visited Guyana in 1910 which was the centre of the Arya Samaj movement in the Caribbean.[6] His lectures increased their following there. In 1911, he visited Lala Hardayal when he was on retreat in Martinique. Parmanand persuaded Hardayal to go to the United States to found a centre for the propagation of the ancient culture of the Aryan people. Hardayal left for America, but soon located himself in Hawaii, where he again went on retreat on Waikiki Beach. A letter from Parmanand prompted his departure for San Francisco where he became an activist in the anarchist movement.

Parmanand toured several British colonies in South America before re-joining Hardayal in San Francisco. He was a founder member of the Ghadar Party. He accompanied Hardayal on a speaking tour to Portland in 1914 and wrote a book for the Ghadar Party called Tarikh-I-Hind. He returned to India as part of the Ghadar Conspiracy claiming he was accompanied by 5,000 Ghadarites. He was part of the leadership of the revolt, and was sent to promote the revolt in Peshawar. He was arrested in connection with the First Lahore Conspiracy Case and was sentenced to death in 1915. The sentence was later commuted to one of transportation for life: he was imprisoned in the Andaman Islands until 1920 and subjected to hard labour. In protest against such harsh treatment of political prisoners, Bhai Parmanand went on hunger strike for two months. The King-Emperor, George V, released him in 1920 as the result of a general amnesty order.[7]

Death

Parmanand died on 8 December 1947 of a heart attack. He was survived by his son Dr. Bhai Mahavir, a prominent member of the Jana Sangh and BJP.

Legacy

Named after him are the Bhai Parmanand Institute of Business Studies in New Delhi,[8] a Public School in East Delhi and a hospital also in Delhi.[9]

Books

See also

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Book: Singh, Fauja . Eminent Freedom Fighters of Punjab . Punjabi University, Dept. of Punjab Historical Studies . 1972.
  2. Book: Parmanand, Bhai . The Story of my Life. 41–.
  3. Book: Jaffrelot, Christophe . Hindu Nationalism: A Reader. 2009. Princeton University Press. 978-1-4008-2803-6. 193–.
  4. Hindus- Muslims in 1857 & Emergence of 2 Nation Theory. 19 May 2007. Shamsul Islam. Islam . Shamsul .
  5. Web site: Pakistan : Past Future Solutions Policy: 1. Hindustan Network. 5 August 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20070927033550/http://hindustan.net/discus/messages/59/7813.html?940177813. 27 September 2007.
  6. Web site: Arya Spiritual Center. Lal. Prita. 1 May 2005. Hinduism Here. 30 August 2008. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20060214081924/http://www.barnard.columbia.edu/religion/hinduismhere/Lal-article.html. 14 February 2006.
  7. Web site: Historical Sikh Events: History of the Ghadar Movement part 3 – Return to India . Singh . Jaspal . All About Sikhs . 5 August 2008.
  8. http://examcrazy.com/colleges/india/delhi/BHAI-PARMANAND-INSTITUTE-OF-BUSINESS.ASP Bhai Parmanand
  9. Web site: Bhai Parmanand Vidya Mandir. 2021-03-30. www.bvmschool.in.
  10. Book: Parmanand, Bhai . Mera Antim Ashraya : Srimadbhagwadgita: Bestseller Book by Bhai Parmanand: Mera Antim Ashraya : Srimadbhagwadgita . 2009-01-01 . Prabhat Prakashan . 978-81-7315-380-8 . hi.
  11. Book: Bhai Permanand . Mera Antim Asharya Srimadbhagvat Geeta . 2003.
  12. Book: Parmanand, Bhai . The Story of My Life: Bestseller Book by Bhai Parmanand: The Story of My Life . 2003-01-01 . Prabhat Prakashan . 978-81-87100-38-6 . en.
  13. Web site: Books by Bhai Parmanand - Prabhat Prakashan . 2024-07-05 . www.prabhatbooks.com.
  14. Book: Parmanand, Bhai . The Story Of My Life (1934) . 1934 . The Central Hindu Yuvak Sabha, Lahore.
  15. Book: Parmanand, Bhai . Kale Pani Ki Karawas Kahani : Aapbeeti: Bestseller Book by Bhai Parmanand: Kale Pani Ki Karawas Kahani : Aapbeeti . 2002-01-01 . Prabhat Prakashan . 978-81-7315-381-5 . hi.
  16. Book: Parmanand, Bhai . Jivana rahasya: Bestseller Book by Bhai Parmanand: Jivana rahasya . 2008-01-01 . Prabhat Prakashan . 978-81-88139-99-6 . hi.
  17. Book: Bhai Parmanand . हिन्दू जीवन का रहस्य (Bhai Parmanand) . 1985.
  18. Book: Parmanand, Bhai . Veer Vairagi: Bestseller Book by Bhai Parmanand: Veer Vairagi . 2002-01-01 . Prabhat Prakashan . 978-81-7315-382-2 . hi.