Glycoside hydrolase family 5 explained
Symbol: | Cellulase |
Cellulase (glycosyl hydrolase family 5) |
Pfam: | PF00150 |
Pfam Clan: | CL0058 |
Interpro: | IPR001547 |
Prosite: | PDOC00565 |
Scop: | 2exo |
Opm Family: | 117 |
Opm Protein: | 2osx |
Cazy: | GH5 |
Membranome Family: | 1365 |
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 5 is a family of glycoside hydrolases, which are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families.[1] [2] [3] This classification is available on the CAZy web site,[4] [5] and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.[6] [7]
Glycoside hydrolase family 5 CAZY GH_5 comprises enzymes with several known activities including endoglucanase ; beta-mannanase ; exo-1,3-glucanase ; endo-1,6-glucanase ; xylanase ; endoglycoceramidase ; xanthanase.[8]
The microbial degradation of cellulose and xylans requires several types of enzymes. Fungi and bacteria produces a spectrum of cellulolytic enzymes (cellulases) and xylanases which, on the basis of sequence similarities, can be classified into families. One of these families is known as the cellulase family A[9] or as the glycosyl hydrolases family 5.[10] One of the conserved regions in this family contains a conserved glutamic acid residue which is potentially involved[11] in the catalytic mechanism.
In a recent study using Molecular Dynamics simulations, a considerable correlation between thermal stability and structural rigidity of members of family 5 with solved structures has been proved.[12]
External links
Notes and References
- Henrissat B, Callebaut I, Fabrega S, Lehn P, Mornon JP, Davies G . Conserved catalytic machinery and the prediction of a common fold for several families of glycosyl hydrolases . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 92 . 15 . 7090–4 . July 1995 . 7624375 . 41477 . 10.1073/pnas.92.15.7090 . 1995PNAS...92.7090H . free .
- Davies G, Henrissat B . Structures and mechanisms of glycosyl hydrolases . Structure . 3 . 9 . 853–9 . September 1995 . 8535779 . 10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00220-9 . free .
- Henrissat B, Bairoch A . Updating the sequence-based classification of glycosyl hydrolases . The Biochemical Journal . 316 . Pt 2 . 695–6 . June 1996 . 8687420 . 1217404 . 10.1042/bj3160695.
- Web site: Home. CAZy.org. en. 2018-03-06.
- Lombard V, Golaconda Ramulu H, Drula E, Coutinho PM, Henrissat B . The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013 . Nucleic Acids Research . 42 . Database issue . D490-5 . January 2014 . 24270786 . 10.1093/nar/gkt1178 . 3965031 .
- Web site: Glycoside Hydrolase Family 5. CAZypedia.org. en. 2018-03-06.
- Ten years of CAZypedia: a living encyclopedia of carbohydrate-active enzymes . Glycobiology . 28 . 1 . 3–8 . December 2018 . 29040563 . 10.1093/glycob/cwx089 . 21.11116/0000-0003-B7EB-6 . CAZypedia Consortium . free .
- Ostrowski . Matthew P. . La Rosa . Sabina Leanti . Kunath . Benoit J. . Robertson . Andrew . Pereira . Gabriel . Hagen . Live H. . Varghese . Neha J. . Qiu . Ling . Yao . Tianming . Flint . Gabrielle . Li . James . McDonald . Sean P. . Buttner . Duna . Pudlo . Nicholas A. . Schnizlein . Matthew K. . Young . Vincent B. . Brumer . Harry . Schmidt . Thomas M. . Terrapon . Nicolas . Lombard . Vincent . Henrissat . Bernard . Hamaker . Bruce . Eloe-Fadrosh . Emiley A. . Tripathi . Ashootosh . Pope . Phillip B. . Martens . Eric C. . Mechanistic insights into consumption of the food additive xanthan gum by the human gut microbiota . Nature Microbiology . April 2022 . 7 . 4 . 556–569 . 10.1038/s41564-022-01093-0 . 35365790 . 247866305 . 11250/3003739 . free .
- Henrissat B, Claeyssens M, Tomme P, Lemesle L, Mornon JP . Cellulase families revealed by hydrophobic cluster analysis . Gene . 81 . 1 . 83–95 . September 1989 . 2806912 . 10.1016/0378-1119(89)90339-9 .
- Henrissat B . A classification of glycosyl hydrolases based on amino acid sequence similarities . The Biochemical Journal . 280 . 2. 309–16 . December 1991 . 1747104 . 1130547 . 10.1042/bj2800309 .
- Py B, Bortoli-German I, Haiech J, Chippaux M, Barras F . Cellulase EGZ of Erwinia chrysanthemi: structural organization and importance of His98 and Glu133 residues for catalysis . Protein Engineering . 4 . 3 . 325–33 . February 1991 . 1677466 . 10.1093/protein/4.3.325 .
- Badieyan S, Bevan DR, Zhang C . Study and design of stability in GH5 cellulases . Biotechnology and Bioengineering . 109 . 1 . 31–44 . January 2012 . 21809329 . 10.1002/bit.23280 . 29281420 .