HLA-B51 explained

B*5101-β2M with bound peptide

major histocompatibility complex (human), class I, B51

Alleles B*5101, 5102, 5103, . . .
Structure (See HLA-B) Available
3D structures
EBI-HLAB*5101,

HLA-B51 (B51) is an HLA-B serotype. The serotype identifies the more common HLA-B*51 gene products.[1]

B51 is a split antigen of the broad antigen B5, and is a sister serotype of B52.[2] There are many alleles within the B*51 allele group. B51 is associated with several diseases, including Behçet's disease.

Serotype

Serotypes B51, B5, B52, and B53 recognition of some HLA B*51 allele-group gene products[3]
B*51 B51 B5 B52 B53 Sample
allele % % % % size (N)
5101 96 2 1 1899
5102 73 3 6 11 218
5104 83 17 6
5105 48 16 24 25
5106 64 7 12 42
5107 78 9 68
5108 77 3 154
5109 86 43
B*5102 also reacts to B5102 - 3%, *5103 with B5103
Alleles link-out to IMGT/HLA Databease at EBI

Alleles

There are 71 alleles, 57 amino acid sequence variants in B51 of which 4 are nulls. Of these only 9 are frequent enough to have been reliably serotyped. B*5101 is the most common, but others have a large regional abundance.

HLA B*5101 frequencies
freq
ref. Population (%)
[4] Bulgaria20.9
Georgia Tbilisi Georgians15.7
India Tamil Nadu Nadar15.6
China North Han14.8
Georgia Tbilisi Kurds12.1
India Andhra Pradesh Golla12.0
China Qinghai Hui11.4
India New Delhi9.8
Madeira9.7
South Africa Natal Tamil9.2
USA Hawaii Okinawa8.7
Cape Verde Northwestern Islands8.1
Cape Verde Southeastern Islands7.3
India Mumbai Marathas6.8
Russia Tuva pop 26.1
Israel Arab Druse6.0
China Inner Mongolia5.9
Czech Republic5.7
Finland5.6
Iran Baloch8.1
Brazil5.1
Mexico Guadalajara Mestizos4.9
New Mexico Canoncito Navajo4.9
China South Han4.6
India North Hindus3.8
Thailand 3.1
Ivory Coast Akan Adiopodoume2.3
Singapore Chinese Han2.3
Singapore Javanese Indonesians2.0
Taiwan Saisiat2.0
Kenya 1.7
Cameroon Yaounde1.6
Senegal Niokholo Mandenka1.6
Guinea Bissau1.5
USA Arizona Pima1.1
Venezuela Perja Mountain Bari1.1
Taiwan Pazeh0.9
China Guangdong Meizhou Han0.5
Israel Ashk. & Non Ashk. Jews0.5
Singapore Thai3.0
Iran Baloch1.0
USA Asian1.0

Disease associations

By serotype

Bw51 was associated with Behçet's disease,[5] in endemic (versus epidemic) mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome,[6] susceptibility to the virus that causes German measles infection.[7]

HLA B*5102 frequencies
freq
ref. Population (%)
Mexico Sonora Seri1.5
Thailand1.4
Singapore Chinese1.3
Hong Kong Chinese1.0
USA Natives0.8
Mexico Zaptotec Oaxaca0.7
South Korea pop 30.6
Shijiazhuang Tianjian Han0.5
China Guangxi Maonan0.5
Japan (5)0.4
USA Asian0.4
USA Hispanic0.4
USA African America0.2

In Behçet's disease

Behçet's disease is an inflammation of the wall of blood vessels that can involve the eyes, skin, and the rest of the body.[8] Several alleles of B51 (B*5101, B*5108, B*5105, and B*5104) are found in disease, and linkage to markers, D6S285, in the HLA locus was strong (P<0.005).[9] Homozygotes of B51 showed considerably high risk for disease indicating a possible gene-dose effect. B51 is capable of distinguishing several varieties of disease. HLA-B51 is found more frequently in disease that has an eye involvement.[10] However it is less common in some regions when there is increased neurological involvement.[11] The MICA*009 allele has been found to also associated with ABD when B51 is also present,[12] IL-8 and other cytokines may also be involved.[13] [14] Sister chromatid exchange has also been observed more frequently in B51(+) ABD.[15]

However, B51 tends not to be found in ABD when a certain SUMO4 gene variant is involved,[16] and symptoms appear to be milder when HLA-B27 is present.[17]

Notes and References

  1. 2848993 . 2010 . Marsh . S. G. . Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2010 . Tissue Antigens . 75 . 4 . 291–455 . Albert . E. D. . Bodmer . W. F. . Bontrop . R. E. . Dupont . B. . Erlich . H. A. . Fernández-Viña . M. . Geraghty . D. E. . Holdsworth . R. . Hurley . C. K. . Lau . M. . Lee . K. W. . Mach . B. . Maiers . M. . Mayr . W. R. . Müller . C. R. . Parham . P. . Petersdorf . E. W. . Sasazuki . T. . Strominger . J. L. . Svejgaard . A. . Terasaki . P. I. . Tiercy . J. M. . Trowsdale . J. . 20356336 . 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2010.01466.x .
  2. Cox ST, McWhinnie AJ, Robinson J, etal . Cloning and sequencing full-length HLA-B and -C genes . Tissue Antigens . 61 . 1 . 20–48 . January 2003 . 12622774 . 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.610103.x . https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20081028235823/http://www.ebi.ac.uk/~sp/intern/projects/pdf_archive/pdfpumped/4/12622774.pdf . dead . 2008-10-28 . 2008-08-03 .
  3. http://www.ebi.ac.uk/imgt/hla/allele.html derived from IMGT/HLA
  4. Middleton D, Menchaca L, Rood H, Komerofsky R . New allele frequency database: http://www.allelefrequencies.net . Tissue Antigens . 61 . 5 . 403–7 . 2003 . 12753660 . 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00062.x . free .
  5. Ohno S, Ohguchi M, Hirose S, Matsuda H, Wakisaka A, Aizawa M . Close association of HLA-Bw51 with Behçet's disease . Arch. Ophthalmol. . 100 . 9 . 1455–8 . September 1982 . 6956266 . 10.1001/archopht.1982.01030040433013.
  6. Keren G, Danon YL, Orgad S, Kalt R, Gazit E . HLA Bw51 is increased in mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome in Israeli patients . Tissue Antigens . 20 . 2 . 144–6 . August 1982 . 6958087 . 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb00337.x.
  7. Ishii K, Nakazono N, Sawada H, etal . Host factors and susceptibility to rubella virus infection: the association of HLA antigens . J. Med. Virol. . 7 . 4 . 287–97 . 1981 . 6950026 . 10.1002/jmv.1890070405. rubella virus .
  8. Durrani K, Papaliodis GN . The genetics of Adamantiades-Behcet's disease . Semin Ophthalmol . 23 . 1 . 73–9 . 2008 . 18214795 . 10.1080/08820530701745264 .
  9. Karasneh J, Gül A, Ollier WE, Silman AJ, Worthington J . Whole-genome screening for susceptibility genes in multicase families with Behçet's disease . Arthritis Rheum. . 52 . 6 . 1836–42 . June 2005 . 15934084 . 10.1002/art.21060 .
  10. Krause L, Köhler AK, Altenburg A, Papoutsis N, Zouboulis CC, Pleyer U, Stroux A, Foerster MH . Ocular involvement is associated with HLA-B51 in Adamantiades-Behçet's disease . Eye . 23. 5. 1182–6. June 2008 . 18551141 . 10.1038/eye.2008.177 . free .
  11. Houman MH, Neffati H, Braham A, etal . Behçet's disease in Tunisia. Demographic, clinical and genetic aspects in 260 patients . Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. . 25 . 4 Suppl 45 . S58–64 . 2007 . 17949553 .
  12. Mizuki N, Meguro A, Tohnai I, Gül A, Ohno S, Mizuki N . Association of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Chain-Related Gene A and HLA-B Alleles with Behçet's Disease in Turkey . Jpn. J. Ophthalmol. . 51 . 6 . 431–6 . 2007 . 18158593 . 10.1007/s10384-007-0473-y .
  13. Lee EB, Kim JY, Zhao J, Park MH, Song YW . Haplotype association of IL-8 gene with Behcet's disease . Tissue Antigens . 69 . 2 . 128–32 . February 2007 . 17257314 . 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00736.x .
  14. Pay S, Simşek I, Erdem H, Dinç A . Immunopathogenesis of Behçet's disease with special emphasize on the possible role of antigen presenting cells . Rheumatol. Int. . 27 . 5 . 417–24 . March 2007 . 17171346 . 10.1007/s00296-006-0281-6 .
  15. Ikbal M, Atasoy M, Pirim I, Aliagaoglu C, Karatay S, Erdem T . The alteration of sister chromatid exchange frequencies in Behçet's disease with and without HLA-B51 . J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol . 20 . 2 . 149–52 . February 2006 . 16441621 . 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2006.01386.x .
  16. Hou S, Yang P, Du L, etal . SUMO4 gene polymorphisms in Chinese Han patients with Behcet's disease . Clin. Immunol. . 129. 1. 170–5. July 2008 . 18657476 . 10.1016/j.clim.2008.06.006 .
  17. Ahn JK, Park YG . Human leukocyte antigen B27 and B51 double-positive Behçet uveitis . Arch. Ophthalmol. . 125 . 10 . 1375–80 . October 2007 . 17923546 . 10.1001/archopht.125.10.1375 . free .