List of British Jews explained

List of British Jews is a list of prominent Jews from the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

Although the first Jews may have arrived on the island of Great Britain with the Romans, it was not until the Norman Conquest of William the Conqueror in 1066 that organised Jewish communities first appeared in England. These existed until 1290 when the Jewish population of England was expelled by King Edward I of England.

There was never a corresponding expulsion from Scotland. The eminent scholar David Daiches states in his autobiographical Two Worlds: A Scottish born Jewish Childhood that there are grounds for saying that Scotland is the only Immigrant country with no history of state persecution of Jews.

Jews were re-admitted to England and Wales in 1656 by Oliver Cromwell. Slightly more than 200 years later, in 1858 they were emancipated, that is, accepted as full citizens. In the late 19th century, there was mass Jewish immigration to England from Russia due to Russian domestic policy. In the 1930s, the country accepted many refugees from Nazism. The Jewish population peaked at 450,000, but has since declined due to low birth-rate, intermarriage and emigration, mainly of the younger generation to Israel. According to the 2001 census, the current population is around 295,000, most of whom live in London.

Academic figures

Scientists

See List of British Jewish scientists, which includes economists.

Historians

Medical

Philosophers

Social scientists

See also: List of British Jewish scientists.

Theologians and Hebraists

Others

Artists

Fine arts

Designers and architects

Arts and literature

Performing arts

See List of British Jewish entertainers (includes classical musicians and actors as "entertainers").

Writers

See List of British Jewish writers.

Business and the professions

Civil service

Finance

Law

Manufacturing

Media

Military

Property

Retail

Police

Political figures

See List of British Jewish politicians.

Religious and communal leaders

Show business

See List of British Jewish entertainers.

Sports

Aviation

Boxing

Cricket

Fencing

Football (association, soccer)

Motorsport

Rowing

Rugby league

Rugby union

Sailing

Table tennis

Tennis

Track and field

Weightlifting

Wrestling

Other sports

Philanthropists

Miscellaneous

See also

References

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. [Jewish Year Book|JYB]
  2. http://books.guardian.co.uk/departments/generalfiction/story/0,,1713557,00.html
  3. JYB 1985 p187
  4. JYB 2005 p215
  5. Web site: Isaac & Tamara Deutscher . Deutscherprize.org.uk . 2018-07-19.
  6. Web site: The Elton / Ehrenberg Papers : Centre for German-Jewish Studies : University of Sussex . 2007-03-17 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071025063939/http://www.sussex.ac.uk/cgjs/1-2-2.html . 25 October 2007 .
  7. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "He was one of the many children of pre-1914 Jewish immigrants from eastern Europe who were to play such prominent roles in British economic, cultural, and political life."
  8. [Encyclopaedia Judaica]
  9. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "He was buried in Golders Green Jewish cemetery"
  10. Martin Beckford, "Jewish group rejects uncritical support of Israel" Telegraph (5 February 2007)
  11. Web site: Joseph Jacobs . 2007-05-07 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070420120118/http://www.northern.edu/hastingw/jacobs.htm . 20 April 2007 .
  12. The Times; 11 January 1997; Tony Turnbull: "Born in Oxford, she had moved to Cheltenham at the age of five when her father, the polymath Jacob Bronowski, author of Ascent of Man, took up a research post with the National Coal Board. So it was that this nice little Jewish family moved in to Cleeve Hill, a small village four miles (6 km) from town."
  13. Web site: Tony Judt . 3 November 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20060902043559/http://as.nyu.edu/object/tonyjudt.html . 2 September 2006 . dead.
  14. [Jewish Year Book]
  15. JYB 1975 p214
  16. Web site: Bernard Lewis Unplugged . 29 December 2005 . https://web.archive.org/web/20051215151652/http://www.aish.com/jewishissues/middleeast/Bernard_Lewis_Unplugged.asp . 15 December 2005 . dead.
  17. JYB 1995 p193
  18. Web site: Archived copy . 2007-05-25 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150909024326/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20040504/ai_n12778519 . 9 September 2015 .
  19. Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. "Magnus"
  20. JYB 1985 p188
  21. Web site: Namier, Sir Lewis Bernstein . FactMonster . 2018-07-19.
  22. Web site: Palgrave, Sir Francis (Nuttall Encyclopædia) . Fromoldbooks.org . 2018-07-19.
  23. Web site: Archived copy . 29 December 2005 . https://web.archive.org/web/20060318201126/http://www.jhom.com/personalities/dona_gracia/roth.htm . 18 March 2006 . dead.
  24. Web site: Simon Schama History of Britain . Age-of-the-sage.org . 2018-07-19.
  25. [Concise Dictionary of National Biography]
  26. Web site: Vintage Catalog | Stalin by Simon Sebag Montefiore. 14 July 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070714100413/http://www.randomhouse.com/vintage/catalog/display.pperl?isbn=9781400076789&view=qa. 14 July 2007.
  27. [Encyclopaedia Judaica]
  28. Web site: Aurel Stein: Pioneer of the Silk Road: Annabel Walker: 9780295977300: Amazon.com: Books . Amazon.com . 2018-07-19.
  29. Jewish Year Book, 2005, p. 215
  30. Web site: Five years or so later, I decided to define publicly my identity as belonging to the Jewish community by becoming a member of the Liberal Jewish Synagogue.. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 25 December 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20110514050933/http://www.abc.net.au/rn/relig/spirit/stories/s47729.htm. 14 May 2011. dead.
  31. Jewish Chronicle, 14 January 2000, p.14 "Knighthood goes to diabetes pioneer"
  32. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
  33. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born of Jewish parents of Russian origin"
  34. JYB 2007 p197, 222
  35. Times obituary, 17 October 2007
  36. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "the son of Jewish parents"
  37. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "Jewish physician"
  38. Web site: The few. 23 October 1999. The Guardian. London.
  39. Web site: Extracts from the Journal of Flying Officer J | William Boyd | Granta Magazine . Granta.com . 1983-03-01 . 2018-07-19.
  40. Web site: USAJewish Web Today USAJewish : THE LIPSKY BALLYHOO [Sunday, April 09, 2000] |access-date=2018-07-19]. https://web.archive.org/web/20010426022221/http://usajewish.com/scripts/usaj/paper/Article.asp?ArticleID=787 . 2001-04-26 .
  41. JYB 1980 p182
  42. Web site: Samuel Alexander . 2006-08-18 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060820051903/http://www.art.man.ac.uk/RELTHEOL/JEWISH/EXHIBITION/11Alexander.html . 20 August 2006 .
  43. Web site: terrnochangeEngl . Ucl.ac.uk . 2003-11-14 . 2018-07-19.
  44. Web site: Sir Isaiah Berlin & the history of ideas . Age-of-the-sage.org . 2018-07-19.
  45. Web site: Ernest Gellner – Chris Hann . 2006-01-01 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20050830065854/http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/Gellner/CHann.html . 30 August 2005.
  46. Web site: Law – Oxford University Press – A Life of H. L. A. Hart: Lacey . 2005-12-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20041209132801/http://www.oup.co.uk/isbn/0-19-927497-5?view=lawview . 9 December 2004.
  47. Web site: News: Breaking stories & updates . https://web.archive.org/web/20070206203216/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2007%2F02%2F05%2Fnjews105.xml . dead . 6 February 2007 . The Telegraph . 2018-07-19 .
  48. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "the only child of Jacob Márton Lipsitz, a wine merchant, and Márgit Herczfeld, both Hungarian Jews"
  49. News: Tudor Parfitt . Alexander Piatigorsky obituary | World news . The Guardian . 2018-07-19.
  50. Web site: Obituary of Karl Popper – 'Vienna' . 2005-12-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20051230105544/http://www.britac.ac.uk/pubs/src/popper/part1.html . 30 December 2005.
  51. Web site: The Waywiser Press – Tel: +44 (0)1608 677492. https://web.archive.org/web/20041011185540/http://www.waywiser-press.com/wollheim.html. dead. 11 October 2004. waywiser-press.com.
  52. Web site: Michael Balint . Whonamedit.com . 2018-07-19.
  53. News: Madeleine Bunting . Profile: Zygmunt Bauman | Books | The Guardian . The Guardian . 5 April 2003 . Books.guardian.co.uk . 2018-07-19.
  54. Web site: Metapress | A Fast Growing Resource for Young Entrepreneurs. Metapress.
  55. JYB 2005 p215, 223
  56. Web site: Davids, Arthur Lumley . JewishEncyclopedia.com . 2018-07-19.
  57. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "Elias, as a Jew, sought refuge first in Paris (1933–5), and then in London (from 1935), eventually becoming a British citizen in 1952"
  58. Web site: Alfred de Grazia . Mr. Herman Finer, an Englishman, Jewish . Grazian-archive.com . 29 September 2006 . 28 October 2013.
  59. Jewish Chronicle obituary, 25 June 1993, p.15
  60. JYB 1980 p183
  61. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "An unbaptized Jew"
  62. Web site: Archived copy . 16 November 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20061109170432/http://www.webster.edu/~woolflm/annafreud.html . 9 November 2006 .
  63. Web site: An interview with Norman Geras. eis.bris.ac.uk.
  64. Web site: HTML Translation of SGML/EAD Document by Tim Green . library-2.lse.ac.uk . 13 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20030722132552/http://library-2.lse.ac.uk/archives/handlists/Ginsberg/m.html . 22 July 2003 . dead.
  65. JYB 1975 p213
  66. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "of Jewish parentage"
  67. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "the only child of prosperous Jewish parents"
  68. JYB 2005 p249
  69. News: Ex-cabbie who took on the left . Lipman . Jennifer . 1 September 2017 . . 3 September 2017.
  70. News: Ben Pimlott . Obituary: Professor Paul Hirst | Education . The Guardian . 2018-07-19.
  71. Web site: JINFO . Jewish Sociologists . Jinfo.org . 2018-07-19.
  72. Web site: Archived copy . 16 November 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060907110602/http://www.webster.edu/~woolflm/klein2.html . 7 September 2006 .
  73. Web site: The Ashley Montagu Resolution . 2016-01-22 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20160105184215/http://montagunocircpetition.org/montagu-bio.pg . 5 January 2016 .
  74. Abendana. 1. 42.
  75. Web site: Chimen Abramsky | The New York Review of Books . Nybooks.com . 1974-12-12 . 2018-07-19.
  76. Obituary, Jewish Chronicle, 5 February 1960, p.1
  77. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born of Jewish parents"
  78. Deutsch, Immanuel Oscar Menahem. 8. 119.
  79. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born of Jewish parents at Vienna"
  80. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: born in Poland of Jewish parents
  81. born Jewish; see Dictionary of National Biography
  82. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Prussian Poland of Jewish parents"
  83. Kalisch, Marcus. 15. 642.
  84. [Dictionary of National Biography]
  85. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "an academically highly gifted boy of Jewish parentage"
  86. His own book On Being a Jewish Christian (1998)
  87. http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=203&letter=N&search=Neubauer "Adolf Neubauer"
  88. Web site: Centre for Jewish Studies, Jewish heritage at the Rylands . 2005-12-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20020421173118/http://www.mucjs.org/jhrylands.htm . 21 April 2002.
  89. "if there was anything invariant in his life, it was his strictly observant devotion to orthodox Judaism". https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-professor-sidney-greenbaum-1349972.html
  90. Web site: Auerbach, Frank . 29 December 2005 . https://web.archive.org/web/20060103012716/http://www.artguide.org/uk/AG.pl?Action=15163A&Axis=AllArtists . 3 January 2006 . dead.
  91. Web site: Birkin, Edith: Liberation Day, 1987. NEN Gallery. 2018-01-28.
  92. Web site: MODERN BRITISH ART – David Bomberg biography . 2008-01-19 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070927192257/http://www.modernbritishartists.co.uk/bomberg_biog.htm . 27 September 2007 .
  93. Web site: Portal – Würth GmbH & Co. KG: Trading in the field of assembly and fastening technology . Kunst.wuerth.com . 1970-01-01 . 2018-07-19.
  94. News: James Campbell . Guardian Books . The Guardian. 11 January 2005. 28 October 2013 . London.
  95. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born at Dortmund of Jewish parentage"
  96. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, cited at OUP website
  97. Web site: Scottish Women Artists . Hannah Frank . 2018-07-19.
  98. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "son of East-End Russian Jewish immigrants"
  99. Web site: Lucian Freud :: Biography (1922–2011) . Leninimports.com . 2018-07-19.
  100. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "As a Jew, Games worked for the Jewish relief unit and for many Jewish and Israeli organizations"
  101. Web site: Mark Gertler . 2005-12-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070927014813/http://web311.pavilion.net/ARTgertler.htm . 27 September 2007.
  102. Web site: Zoltán Glass (1903–1981) . Pamela Green: Never Knowingly Overdressed. 25 May 2014 .
  103. Web site: GLBTQ >> arts >> Gluck (Hannah Gluckenstein) . 2006-11-20 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20061214043032/http://www.glbtq.com/arts/gluck.html . 14 December 2006 .
  104. Obituary, Jewish Chronicle 30 August 1912, p16
  105. Delia Gaze Dictionary of Women Artists Routledge Press 1997,
  106. Book: The Naked Truth About Harrison Marks . 2017 . Wolfbait Books . London . 9781999744106 . 10.
  107. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "Hart was an observant Jew."
  108. News: Marcus Fairs . 'They don't know what they've let themselves in for' | Art and design . The Guardian . 2018-07-19.
  109. The Guardian, 6 February 2002, p6: Letter from Kitaj: "London's four leading Jewish painters, including me"; Listed as a British painter in Hutchinson's Encyclopedia of Britain, 2005
  110. H. Read, S. Thorndike, and others, Jacob Kramer: a memorial volume (1969)
  111. Web site: Lennie Lee, performance art, Installation, London, UK . 28 January 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20050204161820/http://lennielee.com/index2.html . 4 February 2005 . dead.
  112. Web site: Cust . Lionel Henry . Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Lucas, Horatio Joseph . wikisource.org . Wikisource . 20 January 2024.
  113. Web site: Stella McCartney. jewishvirtuallibrary.org.
  114. Web site: Archived copy . 2006-08-23 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070928203345/http://my.name-services.com/76905/page99.htm . 28 September 2007.
  115. Web site: Sir William Rothenstein (1872–1945) Rp Neac . 2006-01-16 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060528053254/http://www.chrisbeetles.com/pictures/artists/Rothenstein_William/Rothenstein_William.htm . 28 May 2006.
  116. http://www.thejc.com/home.aspx?ParentId=m10&AId=60757&ATypeId=1 Jewish Chronicle
  117. Web site: Pictorial Art . JewishEncyclopedia.com . 2018-07-19.
  118. Web site: Biography for: Solomon Joseph Solomon . 2007-05-17 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080617122749/http://www.whistler.arts.gla.ac.uk/biog/Solo_SJ.htm . 17 June 2008 .
  119. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born of Jewish parents in Warsaw; naturalized, 1894"
  120. Web site: Dawood. Sarah. Delving into the life of Berthold Wolpe: the German Jewish designer who fled the Nazis. Design Week. 21 March 2018. 7 February 2019.
  121. Web site: Al-Ahram Weekly | to each his Via Dolorosa . 2005-12-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20051226134256/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1998/1948/396_via.htm . 26 December 2005.
  122. Web site: I Don't Want to Fight: Lulu: 9780316861694: Amazon.com: Books . Amazon . 2018-07-19.
  123. Web site: Sarah Ryle . Ted Baker: How to get ahead in advertising – at no cost | Media | The Guardian . December 2002 . Observer.guardian.co.uk . 2018-07-19.
  124. http://www.nextbook.org/cultural/filterarchive.html?date=2003-12 Comment by his son James Lasdun
  125. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/mcCartneystella.html Jewish Virtual Library
  126. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in East Prussia of German-Jewish parents"
  127. News: UK | Lingerie magnate Janet Reger dies . BBC News . 2005-03-15 . 2018-07-19.
  128. Web site: Horovitz . Bruce . Vidal Sassoon takes on a hairy fight against P&G . USA Today . 2003-07-07 . 2018-07-19.
  129. News: Martin Pawley . Obituary: Richard Seifert | Education . The Guardian . 2018-07-19.
  130. Web site: Shtetl: Israel Cohen – Jewish Life in Modern Times . Ibiblio.org . 1914-06-17 . 2018-07-19.
  131. Web site: Archived copy . 2006-09-08 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060907213517/http://www.jewishbookweek.com/2006/010306f.php . 7 September 2006.
  132. JYB 2000 p211
  133. Jewish Chronicle, 8 January 1999, p.6: "Three Jewish knights feature among the New Year honours: ... Nichola Serota ... John Krebs ... Victor Blank."
  134. Patricia Welch, "The World of the Shining Translator: Waley's "Genji", Orientalism, and the birth of Japanese Literary Studies", "Waley, born Arthur David Schloss, was a member of an elite Anglo-Jewish family"
  135. article in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
  136. Web site: News: Breaking stories & updates . https://web.archive.org/web/20051130102834/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?view=DETAILS&grid=&xml=%2Fnews%2F2005%2F09%2F13%2Fdb1301.xml . dead . 30 November 2005 . The Telegraph . 2018-07-19 .
  137. [Jewish Chronicle]
  138. Web site: Archived copy . 2007-01-28 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070928152519/http://www.ehrcweb.org/jobs/Press-Eugene-Grebenik-17668.htm . 28 September 2007 .
  139. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Linz, Austria, of Jewish parents"
  140. Web site: Data . ajcarchives.org .
  141. Web site: Liverpool Echo: Latest Liverpool and Merseyside news, sports and what's on. https://web.archive.org/web/20120717011519/http://icliverpool.icnetwork.co.uk/entertainment/previewsandreviews/content_objectid%3D13939784_method%3Dfull_siteid%3D50061_page%3D5_headline%3D-A-brush-withour-darkest-hour-name_page.html. dead. 17 July 2012. liverpoolecho.co.uk.
  142. K. Grunwald, 'Windsor Cassel: the last court Jew', Yearbook of the Leo Baeck Institute, 14 (1969), 119–61
  143. News: The Times & The Sunday Times . The Times. London . 2018-07-19.
  144. Jewish Encyclopedia IV p289
  145. Web site: Goldsmid . JewishEncyclopedia.com . 2018-07-19.
  146. Encyclopedia: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Isaac-Lyon-Goldsmid-1st-Baronet . https://archive.today/20130118144416/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/237923/Sir-Isaac-Lyon-Goldsmid-1st-Baronet . 18 January 2013 . Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid, 1st Baronet . Encyclopædia Britannica . Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid, 1st Baronet (British political activist) – Britannica Online Encyclopedia . 28 February 2021 . live .
  147. Jewish Chronicle 25 July 1941, p.12, "Jews in the Navy"
  148. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "a devout Jew"
  149. JYB 2005 212
  150. Web site: AARON OF LINCOLN – JewishEncyclopedia.com. jewishencyclopedia.com.
  151. Montefiore, Sir Moses Haim. 18. 765.
  152. Encyclopedia: House of Rothschild – MSN Encarta . https://web.archive.org/web/20091022001416/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761576222/House_of_Rothschild.html . 22 October 2009 . dead .
  153. Web site: Archived copy . 2007-03-06 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070702191945/http://www.shpltd.co.uk/rousseau-jewofcrancourt.pdf . 2 July 2007 .
  154. Web site: Jewish Heraldry. heraldica.org.
  155. Web site: Samuel Montagu, 1832–1911 . 28 December 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20061216144156/http://montaguemillennium.com/familyresearch/h_1911_samuel.htm . 16 December 2006 . dead.
  156. The Guardian (Manchester); 04/07/00; Sir Maurice Drake; p20
  157. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born of Jewish parents of English nationality"
  158. https://www.newyorker.com/fact/content/articles/021209fa_fact New Yorker magazine
  159. [Encyclopaedia Judaica]
  160. The Times (London); 13 June 2000; Frances Gibb; p.Law. 3
  161. Jewish Chronicle 5/7/1996 p7: "The Liberal Democrats' sole Jewish MP, Alex Carlile"
  162. Jewish Chronicle

    25 June 1999 p10: "Alex Carlile is on his way back to Westminster as one of four Jews among the 36 working peers"

  163. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "first professing Jew to graduate at Cambridge"
  164. [Dictionary of National Biography]
  165. Web site: Her Honour Myrella Cohen | Times Online Obituary . 30 July 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110510204257/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article822650.ece . 10 May 2011 . dead.
  166. Jewish Chronicle, 12 January 2007 p.15: article "People: Who is up to what in the Jewish world this week"
  167. Web site: Rosh Hashanah 17/9/98 . 2008-06-07 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071020133720/http://www.culham.ac.uk/tvr/Feature/f980917_rh.html . 20 October 2007 .
  168. JYB 1995, p193
  169. Web site: Bank to Westminster: Lionel de Rothschild's journey to parliament, 1847–1858. rothschildarchive.org . https://web.archive.org/web/20120716194636/http://www.rothschildarchive.org/ib/?doc=%2Fib%2Farticles%2FBW3bGoldsmid . 16 July 2012.
  170. Web site: Salomons Family Tree Entry – Salomons Museum – Canterbury Christ Church University . 21 March 2007 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070928020950/http://www.canterbury.ac.uk/salomons-museum/tree/d-lionel-salomons.asp . 28 September 2007 .
  171. http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=JPost/JPArticle/Printer&cid=1100147299159&p=1006953080001
  172. Web site: News: Liverpool and Merseyside news – Liverpool Echo. icliverpool.icnetwork.co.uk.
  173. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in New York of wealthy Jewish parents"
  174. Flade, Roland. The Lehmans: From Rimpar to the New World: A Family History, 2nd Enlarged Ed., 1999; reviewed by the American Jewish Historical Society. Accessed 14 November 2006.
  175. Web site: Ideas for community study 350 years of Anglo-jewry . LiberalJudaism.org . 12 March 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20091105192153/http://www.liberaljudaism.org/education_anglo_jewry.htm . 5 November 2009.
  176. Web site: Obituary: Dame Rose Heilbron. James. Morton. 13 December 2005. The Guardian.
  177. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2006/04/06/nlaw06.xml&sSheet=/news/2006/04/06/ixhome.html
  178. Jessel, Sir George. 15. 336.
  179. News: Bearing False Witness. The New York Times.
  180. Web site: 16 Zionist Activities in the 1930s . 2007-01-26 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060504140111/http://www.art.man.ac.uk/RELTHEOL/JEWISH/EXHIBITION/16zion1930s.html . 4 May 2006.
  181. Web site: Tributes to Sir Hersch Lauterpacht . 2006-01-16 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20050905221046/http://ejil.org/journal/Vol8/No2/art6.html . 5 September 2005.
  182. News: Lord Justice Leveson to lead phonehacking inquiry. 13 July 2011. The Jewish Chronicle. 13 July 2011.
  183. Jewish Encyclopedia, VIII, 34
  184. News: IN SHORT (Published 1984). The New York Times. 18 March 1984.
  185. Web site: Commonwealth Jewish Council. Commonwealth Jewish Council.
  186. Obituary: Harold Lightman; The Independent; 18 November 1998; John Balcombe; p. 6; "Lightman was disadvantaged in his early legal career by the fact that he had not been to university and was Jewish."
  187. Web site: Sir Alan Mocatta, Jewish. https://web.archive.org/web/20050618075044/http://www.trivia-library.com/a/templeton-foundation-prize-for-religious-progress-history-and-award-winners.htm. live. 2005-06-18.
  188. Web site: Obituary: Lord Mishcon. James. Morton. 30 January 2006. The Guardian. London.
  189. Jewish Year Book 2005: p212 & 214
  190. Son of Rabbi Chaim Pearl: see Who's Who (UK)
  191. Web site: How Jewish is Lord Chief Justice Phillips? | the Jewish Chronicle . 2008-07-31 . dead . https://archive.today/20120712185046/http://community.thejc.com/node/3206 . 12 July 2012. Jewish Chronicle, 11 July 2008, "How Jewish is Lord Chief Justice Phillips?"
  192. JYB 2005: p212 & 214
  193. Web site: News – Jewish Care. jewishcare.org.
  194. https://www.jewishlivesproject.com/profiles/cyril-barnet-salmon Jewish Lives Project
  195. "The Guardian Profile", The Guardian, 15 February 2008, pg.21
  196. [Encyclopaedia Judaica]
  197. News: Strick . Katie . 2 July 2024 . Victoria Starmer: the no-nonsense solicitor set to become Britain's next first lady . 2 July 2024 . The Standard.
  198. Jewish Chronicle 15 September 2006 p31: death notices
  199. Web site: About Professor Julius Stone – Centres & Institutes – the University of Sydney . 2006-04-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060623171512/http://www.law.usyd.edu.au/jurisprudence/juliusstone.shtml . 23 June 2006 .
  200. News: Blair unveils Holocaust memorial plan. BBC News.
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  205. JYB 1977 p206–7
  206. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "He was a devout Jew"
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  208. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "His parents were Orthodox Jews"
  209. The Times, 14 April 1998, p.1: "the Jewish philanthropist Sir Emmanuel Kaye"
  210. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "leading figure in Anglo-Jewry"
  211. JYB 2002, p211
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  218. News: Freedland on Freedland. Freedland. Michael. 29 June 2019. 27 July 2019. The Jewish Chronicle.
  219. News: Freeman . Hadley. Sick of US news? Don't worry: there are lots of other things to discuss . The Guardian. 6 November 2012 . 29 May 2018.
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  221. Web site: Producers . 2012-01-04 . dead . https://archive.today/20120805134428/http://www.space1999.net/~catacombs/main/crguide/vcp.html . 5 August 2012.
  222. Web site: Board appointment . 2007-01-26 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070125182615/http://www.itvplc.com/itv/news/releases/pr2006/2006-11-28/ . 25 January 2007.
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  238. The Times (London); 3 December 1992; Ruth Gledhill:'Lord Rothschild, who is head of the English branch of the Rothschild family, says: "I would not like to disguise that I am first and foremost a secular Jew."'
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  244. The first of the Tudors: a study of Henry VII and his reign (Taylor & Francis, 1981) by Michael Van Cleave Alexander, page 97
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  255. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Lithuania of Jewish parentage"
  256. Web site: Oxford Children's Hospital Charity . chox.org.uk . 13 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070927181321/http://www.chox.org.uk/generic/default.asp?pageid=84 . 27 September 2007 . dead.
  257. Web site: Jack Cohen – founder of Tesco in Towerhamlets . 29 December 2005 . https://archive.today/20070928180618/http://www.mytowerhamlets.co.uk/towerhamlets/celebs&gossip-jack_cohen.htm . 28 September 2007 . dead.
  258. Financial Times (London); 13 July 2004; Jonathon Guthrie; p.15
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  260. Web site: Press release – Kalms-Leigh . 2005-12-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20061008114430/http://www.jpr.org.uk/Press_releases/Kalms_Leigh.htm . 8 October 2006.
  261. Jewish Chronicle, 24 April 1998, p.7: "one Jewish businessman on the up is fashion and property man Bernard Lewis"
  262. Web site: YO! Liverpool. yoliverpool.com.
  263. Web site: Michael Marks . 30 March 2007 . The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot .
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  273. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "a leading member of the London Jews"
  274. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "naturalised British subject, 1910"
  275. News: Diana Barnato Walker . The Daily Telegraph. 4 May 2008 . London . 0307-1235 . 49632006 . 12 December 2011.
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  277. Web site: Jackie "Kid" Berg. jewishsports.net.
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  281. Web site: Ted "Kid" Lewis(Gershon Mendeloff) . jewishsports.net . 9 May 2008 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071010060736/http://www.jewishsports.net/biopages/TedLewis.htm . 10 October 2007 .
  282. Web site: Daniel Mendoza. jewishsports.net.
  283. Web site: Matt Wells. jewishsports.net.
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  285. Web site: Blues pack British squad . The Times . 6 July 2005 . 1 July 2010.
  286. Web site: Rhodes to be part of unique Israel team. Ajay S Shankar. ESPNcricinfo. 23 May 2008. 1 July 2010.
  287. Jewish Chronicle 7 July 2006 p40: "T'fastest Jewish bowler ever"
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  293. News: Jewish Athletes Reach for the Gold . Forward . 15 April 2013.
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  309. JYB 2005 p214
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    "Lord Duveen and many other Jewish intellectuals"

  311. Oxf, ord Dictionary of National Biography: "Born an Orthodox Jew, in her religious practices Anna Maria remained throughout her life very observant"
  312. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born into old, established Jewish family"
  313. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "His grandfather Jacob had established the family as one of the first Jewish families to acquire great wealth and social acceptability in Bavaria ... His mother came from an Orthodox Frankfurt family and ensured that the children were properly instructed in Jewish matters ... he thereafter lived more in London than in Paris."
  314. Web site: Lender to the Lords . 2007-05-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070612043108/http://www.tymsder.co.uk/lender.htm . 12 June 2007.
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  316. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "Jewish philanthropist"
  317. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "His family were Jewish"
  318. Web site: NEIL BLAIR OPENS THE NEIL BLAIR SPECIAL COLLECTIONS READING ROOM AT OXFORD UNIVERSITY. 14 July 2019. The Blair Partnership.
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  324. Web site: ISAACS, NATHANIEL – JewishEncyclopedia.com. jewishencyclopedia.com.
  325. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "registered with the Jewish community of Pest"
  326. Web site: LEITNER, GOTTLIEB WILLIAM – JewishEncyclopedia.com. jewishencyclopedia.com.
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  329. Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "a Portuguese Jew, but born a British subject"
  330. http://www.lire.fr/critique.asp/idC=39075/idR=217/idG=4 Lire: le magazine littéraire
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