Elections in Liechtenstein have been held since the ratification of the 1862 constitution in which the Landtag of Liechtenstein was established. Political parties did not exist in Liechtenstein until they were formed in 1918.[1] Before the ratification of the 1921 constitution, the head of government was not elected, but rather appointed by the prince of Liechtenstein, thus elections were only held to elect members of the Landtag.[2] [3] Under the constitution general elections are held for the members of the Landtag of Liechtenstein, who then elect the prime minister. As of 2021, there have been 48 general elections held in Liechtenstein.
In 1939 the voting system was changed to introduce proportional representation. The Landtag had 15 seats until a referendum in 1988 increased this to 25. Women were not allowed to vote in elections until 1984 when universal male suffrage was replaced with universal suffrage in the constitution.[4]
| No. | scope=col | Date(s) | scope=col | Elected prime minister | scope=colgroup colspan=2 | Winning party | scope=col | Winning vote share | scope=col | Seat majority | scope=col | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| scope=row | 1862 | 1 | 24 November 1862 | Karl Freiherr Haus von Hausen | ||||||||
| scope=row | 1866 | 2 | 3 May 1866 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1869 | 3 | 29 April 1869 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1872 | 4 | March 1872 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1875 | 5 | 8 May 1875 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1877 | 6 | 30 April – 18 October 1877 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1878 | 7 | 15–16 May 1878 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1882 | 8 | 2–3 May 1882 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1886 | 9 | 19–20 April 1886 | Carl von In der Maur | ||||||||
| scope=row | 1890 | 10 | 12–16 April 1890 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1894 | 11 | 16–17 May 1894 | Friedrich Stellwag von Carion | ||||||||
| scope=row | 1898 | 12 | 11–12 May 1898 | Carl von In der Maur | ||||||||
| scope=row | 1902 | 13 | 3–4 September 1902 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1906 | 14 | 28–30 July 1906 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1910 | 15 | 2–4 August 1910 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1914 | 16 | 30 September – 2 October 1914 | Leopold Freiherr von Imhof | ||||||||
| scope=row | 1918 | 17 | 11–18 March 1918 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1922 | 18 | 5–16 February 1922 | Gustav Schädler | ||||||||
| scope=row | Jan 1926 | 19 | 10–24 January 1926 | |||||||||
| scope=row | Apr 1926 | 20 | 5 April 1926 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1928 | 21 | 15–29 July 1928 | Josef Hoop | ||||||||
| scope=row | 1930 | 22 | 16 March 1930 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 23 | 6–13 March 1932 | ||||||||||
| scope=row | 1936 | 24 | 13–16 February 1936 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1939 | 25 | 4 April 1939 | |||||||||
| scope=row | 1945 | 26 | 29 April 1945 | |||||||||
| 1949 | 27 | 6 February 1949 | Alexander Frick | |||||||||
| Feb 1953 | 28 | 15 February 1953 | ||||||||||
| Jun 1953 | 29 | 14 June 1953 | ||||||||||
| 1957 | 30 | 1 September 1957 | ||||||||||
| 1958 | 31 | 23 March 1958 | ||||||||||
| 1962 | 32 | 25 March 1962 | ||||||||||
| 1966 | 33 | 6 February 1966 | Gerard Batliner | |||||||||
| 1970 | 34 | 1 February 1970 | Alfred Hilbe | [5] | ||||||||
| 1974 | 35 | 1–3 February 1974 | Walter Kieber | [6] | ||||||||
| 1978 | 36 | 3 February 1978 | Hans Brunhart | [7] | ||||||||
| 1982 | 37 | 5–7 February 1982 | [8] | |||||||||
| 1986 | 38 | 31 January – 2 February 1986 | [9] | |||||||||
| 1989 | 39 | March 1989 | [10] | |||||||||
| Feb 1993 | 40 | 7 February 1993 | Markus Büchel | |||||||||
| Oct 1993 | 41 | 24 October 1993 | Mario Frick | [11] | ||||||||
| 1997 | 42 | 2 February 1997 | [12] | |||||||||
| 2001 | 43 | 9–11 February 2001 | Otmar Hasler | [13] | ||||||||
| 2005 | 44 | 13 March 2005 | [14] | |||||||||
| 2009 | 45 | 8 February 2009 | Klaus Tschütscher | [15] | ||||||||
| 2013 | 46 | 3 February 2013 | Adrian Hasler | [16] | ||||||||
| 2017 | 47 | 5 February 2017 | [17] | |||||||||
| 2021 | 48 | 7 February 2021 | Daniel Risch | [18] | ||||||||
| 2025 | 49 | 9 February 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD | [19] | |||||