List of New Brunswick by-elections explained
The list of New Brunswick by-elections includes every by-election held in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. By-elections occur whenever there is a vacancy in the Legislative Assembly, although an imminent general election may allow the vacancy to remain until the dissolution of parliament. Between 1842 and 1927 incumbent members were required to recontest their seats upon being appointed to Cabinet. These Ministerial by-elections were almost always uncontested.
60th New Brunswick Legislature 2020–present
59th New Brunswick Legislature 2018–2020
No by-elections were held during the 59th New Brunswick Legislature's term.
58th New Brunswick Legislature 2014–2018
57th New Brunswick Legislature 2010–2014
56th New Brunswick Legislature 2006–2010
55th New Brunswick Legislature 2003–2006
54th New Brunswick Legislature 1999–2003
53rd New Brunswick Legislature 1995–1999
52nd New Brunswick Legislature 1991–1995
50th New Brunswick Legislature 1982–1987
47th New Brunswick Legislature 1970–1974
46th New Brunswick Legislature 1967–1970
45th New Brunswick Legislature 1963–1967
44th New Brunswick Legislature 1960–1963
43rd New Brunswick Legislature 1956–1960
no by-elections
42nd New Brunswick Legislature 1952–1956
no by-elections
40th New Brunswick Legislature 1944–1948
† Won by
acclamation39th New Brunswick Legislature 1939–1944
† Won by
acclamation38th New Brunswick Legislature 1935–1939
no by-elections
37th New Brunswick Legislature 1930–1935
† Won by
acclamation36th New Brunswick Legislature 1925–1930
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause | Retained |
---|
Albert | February 22, 1927† | John L. Peck | | | Conservative | Conrad J. Osman | | | Conservative | Death | Yes |
Gloucester | December 17, 1926† | Peter Veniot | | | Liberal | Clovis-Thomas Richard | | | Liberal | Resignation to contest the 1926 Federal Election | Yes |
Saint John County | December 10, 1926† | Frank L. Potts | | | Conservative | H. Colby Smith | | | Conservative | Death | Yes |
St. Stephen-Milltown | December 13, 1925† | John M. Flewelling | | | Conservative | Arthur R. MacKenzie | | | Conservative | Death | Yes |
Westmorland | September 26, 1925† | Antoine Joseph Léger | | | Conservative | Antoine Joseph Léger | | | Conservative | Sought re-election upon appointment as Provincial Secretary-Treasurer | Yes |
Saint John County | September 26, 1925† | John Babington Macaulay Baxter | | | Conservative | John Babington Macaulay Baxter | | | Conservative | Sought re-election upon appointment as Premier and Attorney General | Yes |
Restigouche | September 26, 1925† | David A. Stewart | | | Conservative | David A. Stewart | | | Conservative | Sought re-election upon appointment as Minister of Public Works | Yes |
Fredericton City | September 26, 1925† | Charles Dow Richards | | | Conservative | Charles Dow Richards | | | Conservative | Sought re-election upon appointment as Minister of Lands and Mines | Yes |
Charlotte | September 26, 1925† | Henry I. Taylor | | | Conservative | Henry I. Taylor | | | Conservative | Sought re-election upon appointment as Minister of Public Health | Yes |
Albert | September 26, 1925† | Lewis Smith | | | Conservative | Lewis Smith | | | Conservative | Sought re-election upon appointment as Minister of Agriculture | Yes | |
† Won by
acclamation35th New Brunswick Legislature 1920–1925
† Won by
acclamation34th New Brunswick Legislature 1917–1920
† Won by
acclamation33rd New Brunswick Legislature 1912–1917
† Won by
acclamation32nd New Brunswick Legislature 1908–1912
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
Charlotte | February 10, 1912† | Thomas Aaron Hartt | Scott D. Guptill | Resignation to contest the 1911 Federal Election |
Sunbury | December 7, 1911† | John Douglas Hazen | George A. Perley | Appointed to the Federal Cabinet |
Saint John County | December 7, 1911 | James Lowell | John Babington Macaulay Baxter | Resignation to contest the 1911 Federal Election |
York | March 30, 1911 | Thomas Robison | Oscar E. Morehouse | Death |
Saint John County | July 20, 1909 | Harrison A. McKeown | Allister F. Bentley | Appointed to the Supreme Court of New Brunswick |
Northumberland | December 1, 1908 | Donald Morrison | John Percival Burchill | Resignation to contest the 1908 Federal Election |
Carleton | December 1, 1908 | Benjamin Franklin Smith | George W. Upham | Resignation to contest the 1908 Federal Election |
York | April 7, 1908† | Harry Fulton McLeod | Harry Fulton McLeod | Sought re-election upon appointment as Solicitor General |
Sunbury | April 7, 1908† | John Douglas Hazen | John Douglas Hazen | Sought re-election upon appointment as Premier and Attorney General |
Northumberland | April 7, 1908† | John Morrissy | John Morrissy | Sought re-election upon appointment as Chief Commissioner of Public Works |
Kent | April 7, 1908† | David-Vital Landry | David-Vital Landry | Sought re-election upon appointment as Commissioner of Agriculture |
Charlotte | April 7, 1908† | W.C.H. Grimmer | W.C.H. Grimmer | Sought re-election upon appointment as Surveyor General |
Carleton | April 7, 1908† | James Kidd Flemming | James Kidd Flemming | Sought re-election upon appointment as Provincial Secretary | |
† Won by
acclamation31st New Brunswick Legislature 1903–1908
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
Saint John County | November 8, 1907† | Robert C. Ruddick | Harrison A. McKeown | Appointed Inspecting Physician at the Saint John Quarantine Station |
Westmorland | April 30, 1907† | Clifford William Robinson | Clifford William Robinson | Sought re-election upon appointment as Provincial Secretary |
Restigouche | January 2, 1907 | Henry F. McLatchy | William Currie | Appointed a County Court Judge |
Northumberland | March 11, 1905† | W. S. Loggie | Robert Murray | Resignation to contest the 1904 Federal Election |
Carleton | February 15, 1905† | Wendell P. Jones | Wendell P. Jones | Sought re-election upon appointment as Solicitor General |
Westmorland | December 30, 1904† | Francis J. Sweeney | Francis J. Sweeney | Sought re-election upon appointment as Solicitor General |
Saint John County | December 30, 1904 | Albert T. Dunn | James Lowell | Appointed Collector of the Port of Saint John |
Saint John City | December 30, 1904 | Harrison A. McKeown | Robert Maxwell | Resignation to contest the 1904 Federal Election |
Madawaska | December 15, 1903† | Narcisse A. Gagnon | Cyprien Martin | Death |
Saint John City | April 7, 1903† | Harrison A. McKeown | Harrison A. McKeown | Sought re-election upon appointment at Solicitor General | |
† Won by
acclamation30th New Brunswick Legislature 1899–1903
† Won by
acclamation29th New Brunswick Legislature 1895–1899
† Won by
acclamation28th New Brunswick Legislature 1892–1895
† Won by
acclamation27th New Brunswick Legislature 1890–1892
26th New Brunswick Legislature 1886–1890
† Won by
acclamation25th New Brunswick Legislature 1882–1886
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
York | July 4, 1885 | Frederick P. Thompson | William Wilson | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
Kings | July 4, 1885 | Edwin Arnold Vail | William Pugsley | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
Restigouche | June 1885† | Joseph Cunard Barberie | William Murray | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
Sunbury | January 9, 1885 | Arthur Glasier | Arthur Glasier | By-election results voided |
Victoria | June 28, 1884 | Richard Tibbits | George Thomas Baird | Appointed Deputy Provincial Secretary |
Sunbury | December 4, 1883 | George A. Sterling | Arthur Glasier | Death |
Westmorland | October 13, 1883 | Pierre-Amand Landry | Amasa E. Killam | Resignation to contest a federal by-election |
Saint John County & City | August 23, 1883 | William Elder | Alfred Augustus Stockton | Death |
David McLellan | David McLellan | Sought re-election upon appointment as Provincial Secretary |
Charlotte | March 26, 1883† | James Mitchell | James Mitchell | Sought re-election upon appointment as Surveyor General |
York | March 24, 1883 | | Andrew George Blair | Sought re-election upon appointment as Premier and Attorney General |
Gloucester | March 21, 1883† | Patrick G. Ryan | Patrick G. Ryan | Sought re-election upon appointment as Chief Commissioner of Public Works |
Saint John County & City | March 16, 1883† | William Elder | William Elder | Sought re-election upon appointment as Provincial Secretary |
Robert J. Ritchie | Robert J. Ritchie | Sought re-election upon appointment as Solicitor General |
Westmorland | January 9, 1883 | | Pierre-Amand Landry | Resignation to recontest over election petition |
Charles A. Black | Charles A. Black |
Daniel Lionel Hanington | Daniel Lionel Hanington |
John A. Humphrey | John A. Humphrey |
Madawaska | October 7, 1882† | Patrick Lynott | Mathias Nadeau | Resignation due to election petition |
Kings | September 27, 1882 | Finnemore E. Morton | Finnemore E. Morton | Sought re-election upon appointment as Solicitor General |
John Herbert Crawford | Gabriel Flewelling | Death |
Kent | September 25, 1882 | William Wheton | William Wheton | Resignation to recontest over election petition |
Olivier J. Leblanc | Olivier J. Leblanc | |
† Won by
acclamation24th New Brunswick Legislature 1878–1882
† Won by
acclamation23rd New Brunswick Legislature 1874–1878
† Won by
acclamation22nd New Brunswick Legislature 1870–1874
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
Kent | December 24, 1873 | William Shand Caie | Henry O'Leary | Death |
Carleton | November 4, 1873 | George W. White | David Irvine | Resignation to contest a federal by-election |
Kings | October 24, 1873 | George Otty | James William Nowlan | Appointed a judge |
Albert | August 16, 1873 | Rufus Palmer | Martin B. Palmer | Death |
Charlotte | September 20, 1872 | John McAdam | John Cameron Brown | Resignation to contest the 1872 Federal Election |
York | August 3, 1872† | George Luther Hathaway | John James Fraser | Death |
Queens | June 21, 1872 | Gideon D. Bailey | Walter S. Butler | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
Westmorland | February 24(?), 1872 | Joseph Lytle Moore | John A. Humphrey | Death |
Westmorland | September 12, 1871 | Daniel Lionel Hanington | Daniel Lionel Hanington | By-election results voided |
Queens | April 4, 1871 | | Ebenezer Williams | Appointed Registrar of Deeds |
Charlotte | March 16, 1871 | Benjamin Robert Stephenson | Benjamin Robert Stephenson | Sought re-election upon appointment as Surveyor General |
York | March 10, 1871† | George Luther Hathaway | George Luther Hathaway | Sought re-election upon appointment as Premier and Provincial Secretary |
Westmorland | December 26, 1870 | | Daniel Lionel Hanington | Appointed a judge |
Restigouche | December 3, 1870 | Alexander C. DesBrisay | John Phillips | Resignation to contest a federal by-election |
Carleton | October 26, 1870† | William Lindsay | William Lindsay | Sought re-election upon appointment as Surveyor General | |
† Won by
acclamation21st New Brunswick Legislature 1866–1870
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
Northumberland | May 27, 1869 | William Moore Kelly | William Moore Kelly | Sought re-election upon appointment as Chief Commissioner of Public Works |
Kings | March 8, 1869† | William P. Flewelling | William P. Flewelling | Sought re-election upon appointment as Surveyor General |
Northumberland | February 20, 1869† | Jacob C. Gough | Jacob C. Gough | Resignation to contest a federal by-election |
Kent | February 12, 1869 | Owen McInerney | Urbain Johnson | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
Victoria | February 9, 1869 | Benjamin Beveridge | Charles A. Hammond | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
York | November 1868 | John Pickard | William Hayden Needham | Resignation to contest a federal by-election |
Carleton | November 14, 1868 | James Hartley | George W. White | Death |
Sunbury | September 22, 1868 | John Glasier | John S. Covert | Appointed to the Senate |
Saint John County & City | April 4, 1868† | Charles Nelson Skinner | John Waterbury Cudlip | Appointed a judge |
Victoria | January 3, 1868 | Vital Hébert | Lévite Thériault | Death |
Gloucester | January 1–6, 1868 | Robert Young | William Taylor | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
Northumberland | October 22, 1867† | Richard Sutton | Richard Sutton | Sought re-election upon appointment as Surveyor General |
York | October 19, 1867† | John Adolphus Beckwith | John Adolphus Beckwith | Sought re-election upon appointment as Provincial Secretary |
Kings | October 19, 1867 | George Ryan | Gideon McLeod | Resignation to contest the 1867 Federal Election |
Saint John City | October 16, 1867 | Samuel Leonard Tilley | William Keans | Resignation to contest the 1867 Federal Election |
Saint John County & City | October 15, 1867 | | Joseph Coram | Resignation to contest the 1867 Federal Election |
| George Edwin King | Appointed to the Senate |
Westmorland | October 14, 1867† | Albert James Smith | Joseph Lytle Moore | Resignation to contest the 1867 Federal Election |
Charlotte | October 10, 1867 | | Henry Frye | Appointed County Court judges |
| Benjamin Robert Stephenson |
Saint John City | October 4, 1867 | Andrew Rainsford Wetmore | Andrew Rainsford Wetmore | Sought re-election upon appointment as Attorney General |
York | October 2, 1867 | Charles Fisher | John Pickard | Resignation to contest the 1867 Federal Election |
Queens | September 23, 1867† | John Ferris | Walter S. Butler | Resignation to contest the 1867 Federal Election |
Carleton | September 21, 1867 | Charles Connell | James Hartley | Resignation to contest the 1867 Federal Election |
Albert | September 14, 1867 | | Charles Peck | Appointed to the Senate |
| Amos Atkinson Bliss | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
Restigouche | September 11, 1867 | John McMillan | William Montgomery | Resignation to contest the 1867 Federal Election |
Saint John County & City | September 4, 1867† | Charles Nelson Skinner | Charles Nelson Skinner | Sought re-election upon appointment as Solicitor General |
Northumberland | August 10, 1867† | | William Moore Kelly | Resignation to contest the 1867 Federal Election |
| Jacob C. Gough | Appointed a County Court judge |
Charlotte | July 1867† | John McAdam | John McAdam | Sought re-election upon appointment as Chief Commissioner of Public Works |
Carleton | July 24, 1866† | Charles Connell | Charles Connell | Sought re-election upon appointment as Surveyor General | |
† Won by
acclamation20th New Brunswick Legislature 1865–1866
† Won by
acclamation19th New Brunswick Legislature 1861–1865
† Won by
acclamation18th New Brunswick Legislature 1857–1861
† Won by
acclamation17th New Brunswick Legislature 1856–1857
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
York | September 1856† | Charles Macpherson | Charles Macpherson | Sought re-election upon appointment as Provincial Secretary |
Restigouche | August 20, 1856† | John Montgomery | | Sought re-election upon appointment as Surveyor General | |
† Won by
acclamation16th New Brunswick Legislature 1854–1856
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
York | February 28, 1856 | James Taylor | | Death |
Saint John County & City | September 22, 1855 | | | Appointed Auditor General |
| | Appointed to the Supreme Court |
Victoria | September 10, 1855 | | | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
Charlotte | December 1854 | James Brown | James Brown | Sought re-election upon appointment as Surveyor General |
Saint John City | November 15, 1854† | Samuel Leonard Tilley | Samuel Leonard Tilley | Sought re-election upon appointment as Provincial Secretary |
Northumberland | November 14, 1854† | John Mercer Johnson | John Mercer Johnson | Sought re-election upon appointment as Solicitor General |
York | November 12, 1854† | Charles Fisher | Charles Fisher | Sought re-election upon appointment as Premier and Attorney General | |
† Won by
acclamation15th New Brunswick Legislature 1850–1854
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
Westmorland | May 1853 | William Crane | Amand Landry | Death |
Carleton | April 18, 1853 | Horace H. Beardsley | | Death |
Saint John County & City | July 19, 1852 | | | Appointed Police Magistrate for Saint John |
Northumberland | July 6, 1852 | Alexander Rankin | George Kerr | Death |
Westmorland | May 18, 1852 | Robert B. Chapman | Albert James Smith | Void Election |
Albert | January 1852 | William Steeves | John Lewis | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
Queens | January 1852 | Thomas Gilbert | Samuel H. Gilbert | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
Restigouche | November or December 1851 | Andrew Barberie | Andrew Barberie | Sought re-election upon appointment as Clerk of the Crown in the Supreme Court |
Saint John City | November 15, 1851 | Samuel Leonard Tilley | | Resignation |
Saint John County & City | November 14, 1851 | Charles Simonds | | Resignation |
Saint John County & City | November 11, 1851† | William Johnstone Ritchie | | Resignation |
Saint John County & City | October 18, 1851 | Robert Duncan Wilmot | | Sought re-election upon appointment as Surveyor-General |
Gloucester | September 29, 1851 | Joseph Read | Joseph Read | Sought re-election upon appointment as Deputy Treasurer of Gloucester |
Carleton | February 1851 | Charles Connell | | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
York | February 1851 | Lemuel Allan Wilmot | | Appointed a judge |
Northumberland | February 16, 1851† | John Ambrose Street | John Ambrose Street | Sought re-election upon appointment as Attorney General | |
† Won by
acclamation14th New Brunswick Legislature 1846–1850
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
Saint John City | March 6, 1849 | Robert Leonard Hazen | | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
Queens | March 1847 | Hugh Johnston | John Earle | Void Election | |
13th New Brunswick Legislature 1843–1846
† Won by
acclamation12th New Brunswick Legislature 1837–1842
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
Charlotte | November 1839 | Thomas Wyer | James Boyd | Appointed to the Legislative Council |
Restigouche | November 5, 1838† | New Seat | Andrew Barberie | Restigouche County created | |
† Won by
acclamation11th New Brunswick Legislature 1835–1837
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
York | January 1837 | Jedediah Slason | D. L. Robinson | Death |
Westmorland | November–December 1836 | Edward Barron Chandler | William Wilson | Appointed to Legislative Council | |
10th New Brunswick Legislature 1830–1834
† Won by
acclamation9th New Brunswick Legislature 1827–1830
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
Northumberland | December 28, 1828 | Richard Simonds | Joseph Cunard | Appointed Provincial Treasurer |
Queens | August 14–27, 1828 | Harry Peters | Thomas Gilbert | Appointed to the Council | |
8th New Brunswick Legislature 1820–1827
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
Saint John County & City | February 2, 1826† | Ward Chipman | Robert Parker | Appointed a judge and to the Council |
Westmorland | April 27, 1825 | Benjamin Wilson | Robert Scott | Death |
Sunbury | March 1824 | William Wilmot | Samuel Nevers | Unseated for being a member of the clergy |
Westmorland | March 2, 1824 | William Botsford | William Crane | Appointed a judge and to the Council |
Sunbury | May 1823 | William Wilmot | William Wilmot | Unseated for being a member of the clergy |
Sunbury | March 1823 | Amos Perley | William Wilmot | Death |
Westmorland | March 19, 1822 | Joseph Crandall | Malcolm Wilmot | Unseated for being a member of the clergy |
York | March 1, 1822 | Stair Agnew | Jedediah Slason | Death | |
† Won by
acclamation7th New Brunswick Legislature 1819–1820
no by-elections
6th New Brunswick Legislature 1816–1819
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
Saint John City | May 12, 1818 | Stephen Humbert | Stephen Humbert | Expulsion for writing a newspaper editorial criticizing another member of the House. |
Queens | August 10, 1817 | Richard Yeamans | Richard Yeamans | Void Election | |
5th New Brunswick Legislature 1809–1816
† Won by
acclamation4th New Brunswick Legislature 1802–1809
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
Saint John County & City | November 9, 1803 | Edward Sands | Munson Jarvis | Void Election |
Westmorland | November 1803 | Hugh McMonagle | Titus Knapp | Death | |
3rd New Brunswick Legislature 1795–1802
2nd New Brunswick Legislature 1793–1795
no by-elections held
1st New Brunswick Legislature 1785–1792
By-election | Date | Incumbent | Winner | Cause |
---|
Kings | March 2–12, 1791 | John Hamilton | David Fanning | Left the Province |
York | February 25–26, 1791 | Edward Stelle | John Saunders | Left the Province |
Northumberland | March 1791 | William Davidson | Harris William Hailes | Death |
Saint John County & City | November 24-December 1, 1789 | Stanton Hazard | Nehemiah Rogers | Death |
Sunbury | November 9, 1789 | Richard Vandeburg | James Glenie | Left the Province |
Charlotte | November 1789 | William Paine | Colin Campbell | Left the Province |
Kings | September 1788 | Ebenezer Foster | John Hamilton | Death | |
See also
References
- New Brunswick Elections Database, The Legislative Library of New Brunswick
- Elections in New Brunswick, 1784-1984 = Les élections au Nouveau-Brunswick, 1784-1984. Fredericton, N.B. : New Brunswick Legislative Library, 1984.