List of Welsh medical pioneers explained
This page lists pioneers and innovators in healthcare either in Wales or by Welsh people, including in medicine, surgery and health policy.
Medical pioneers
- George Owen Rees (1813–1889), the first to analyse the chemistry of urine and also did new work on the nature and shape of the blood corpuscles.[1] [2]
- George Edward Day (1815–1872), reformed to medical examinations[3]
- William Roberts (1830–1899), introduced the term Antagonism into microbiology and one of the first to describe the action of antibiotics including penicillin[4] [5]
- Frances Hoggan (1843–1927), various research including the anatomy and physiology of lymph nodes[6]
- Robert Armstrong-Jones (1857–1943), instituted special training for mental health nurses and occupational therapy for patients, and developed modern methods to treat mental diseases[7] [8]
- Llewellyn Jones Llewellyn (1871–1934), an authority on rheumatism and related diseases[9]
- Thomas Lewis (1881–1945), pioneer cardiologist and clinical scientist[10] [11]
- William Evans (1895–1988), cardiology; description of the anatomy of coarctation of the aorta; controls in drug trials; studies on electrocardiography; first accurate description of ‘familial cardiomegaly’[12]
- Horace Evans (1903–1963), linked hypertension and nephritis[13]
- Denis John Williams (1908–1990), did pioneering work on using EEG to study cerebral disease[14]
- John David Spillane (1909–1985), established the modern study of Tropical Neurology[15]
- Eluned Woodford-Williams (1913–1984), established geriatrics as a speciality and began practice of admitting all patients over 65 year old to her unit[16]
- D. Geraint James (1922–2010), classifyied the clinical and radiological features of sarcoidosis[17]
- Julian Tudor-Hart (1927–2018), Local population health and hypertension among other topics[18]
- Keith Peters (born 1938), improved understanding of glomerulonephritis[19]
- Dafydd Stephens (1942–2012), founder of audiological medicine[20]
Surgical pioneers
- Hugh Owen Thomas (1834–1891), pioneered orthopaedic surgery techniques including the Thomas splint and Thomas test[21]
- Robert Jones (1857–1933), he stablished orthopaedic surgery as a modern speciality. His organisational skills, treatments and rehabilitation of soldiers saved many lives during the first World War. He pioneered the use of radiography and the Jones fracture is named after him[22]
- William Thelwall Thomas (1865–1927), pioneer of abdominal surgery; introducing the detempered needle, the black silkworm gut, and large-handled Spencer Wells forceps. He also introduced the transverse incision for an umbilical hernia repair; introduced the double incision for double renal calculi at the kidney and ureter; and made a significant investigation into the composition of renal calculi[23]
- Tudor Thomas (1893–1976), pioneer of corneal grafting[24]
Policy
- Frances Hoggan (1843–1927), first Welsh female physician and advocated for gender equality in medicine
- David Lloyd George (1863–1945), the National Insurance Act 1911.[25]
- Mary Morris (1873–1925), first woman to train as a doctor at the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, admitted in 1895.[26] Possibly the first woman to train in medicine in Wales.
- Aneurin Bevan (1897–1960), creation of the National Health Service.[27]
- Eluned Woodford-Williams (1913–1984), influenced government policy on geriatrics, improving geriatric services
- Julian Tudor-Hart (1927–2018), social advocate and devised the term Inverse care law[28]
- Timothy Stamps (1936–2017), reformed and improved Zimbabwe's healthcare system.[29]
- Ilora Finlay (born 1949), regulation of smoking,[30] organ donation,[31] sunbeds[32] alcohol pricing,[33] and improvements in palliative care[34]
- Mark Taubert (born 1975), Chair of Advance & Future Care Planning policy for NHS Wales[35] [36] and TalkCPR resources on decisions with regard to cardiopulmonary resuscitation in palliative illness.[37]
See also
References
- Web site: George Owen Rees (1813–1889) Art UK . 2023-02-10 . artuk.org . en.
- Rees, George Owen . 47 . Webb . William Wilfrid . 399-400 . 1.
- Day, George Edward. 14. 232-233.
- Book: Ainsworth, G. C. . Introduction to the History of Mycology . 1976-10-21 . Cambridge University Press . 978-0-521-21013-3 . 220 . en.
- Book: Collard . Patrick John . The Development of Microbiology . Collard . Patrick . 1976-11-11 . CUP Archive . 978-0-521-21177-2 . 67 . en.
- HOGGAN [née Morgan], FRANCES ELIZABETH (1843-1927), physician and social reformer . s11-HOGG-ELI-1843.
- ARMSTRONG-JONES, Sir ROBERT (1857 - 1943), physician and alienist . s2-ARMS-ROB-1857 . 2023-02-10 .
- Web site: Sir Robert Armstrong-Jones RCP Museum . 2023-02-10 . history.rcplondon.ac.uk.
- May 1934 . Mr. R. Ll. Jones Llewellyn . Nature . en . 133 . 3368 . 750 . 10.1038/133750a0 . 1934Natur.133Q.750. . 4053992 . 1476-4687. free .
- Book: Hollman, A. . Sir Thomas Lewis: pioneer cardiologist and clinical scientist . 1997 . Springer . 978-3-540-76049-8 . London ; New York.
- Drury . A. N. . Grant . R. T. . 1945 . Thomas Lewis. 1881-1945 . Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society . 5 . 14 . 179–202 . 10.1098/rsbm.1945.0012 . 769117 . 72220548 . 1479-571X.
- Web site: William Evans RCP Museum . 2023-02-11 . history.rcplondon.ac.uk.
- Ellis . Harold . December 2013 . Horace Evans: royal physician . British Journal of Hospital Medicine . en . 74 . 12 . 704 . 10.12968/hmed.2013.74.12.704 . 24326725 . 1750-8460.
- Web site: Denis John Williams RCP Museum . 2023-02-11 . history.rcplondon.ac.uk.
- Web site: Neurology in the developing world . 2023-02-11 . academic.oup.com.
- Web site: Eluned Woodford-Williams RCP Museum . 2023-02-10 . history.rcplondon.ac.uk.
- Web site: David Geraint James RCP Museum . 2023-02-10 . history.rcplondon.ac.uk.
- Watt . Graham . 2021-02-27 . Julian Tudor Hart: medical pioneer and social advocate . The Lancet . English . 397 . 10276 . 786–787 . 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00453-0 . 0140-6736 . 33640055. 232051104 .
- Web site: Professor Sir Keith Peters Christs College Cambridge . 2023-02-11 . www.christs.cam.ac.uk.
- Web site: Audiological Physician Professor Dafydd Stephens (1942-2012) UCL UCL Ear Institute & Action on Hearing Loss Libraries . 2023-02-11 . blogs.ucl.ac.uk.
- Cope . R. . 1995 . Hugh Owen Thomas: bone-setter and pioneer orthopaedist . Bulletin (Hospital for Joint Diseases (New York, N.Y.)) . 54 . 1 . 54–60 . 0018-5647 . 8541785.
- Web site: sitecore\jcrew@rcseng.ac.uk . Orthopaedic surgeon and war hero: Sir Robert Jones (1857-1933) . 2023-02-10 . Royal College of Surgeons . en.
- Web site: Thomas, William Thelwall (1865 - 1927) . 2023-02-11 . livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk.
- Web site: Thomas, Sir James William Tudor (1893 - 1976) . 2023-02-11 . livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk.
- Book: Morgan, Kenneth O. . Kenneth O. Morgan. Rebirth of a Nation: Wales, 1880-1980 . 1981 . Oxford University Press . 978-0-19-821736-7 . 130 . en.
- Owen . Buddug . May 2005 . The First Woman Doctor from Aberystwyth . Journal of Medical Biography . en . 13 . 2 . 118 . 10.1177/096777200501300214 . 19813317 . 27238871 . 0967-7720.
- Web site: 2018-07-05 . 70 years of the NHS: how Aneurin Bevan created our beloved health service . 2023-02-10 . The Independent . en.
- Hart . Julian Tudor . The Inverse Care Law . 1971-02-27 . The Lancet . English . 297 . 7696 . 405–412 . 10.1016/S0140-6736(71)92410-X . 4100731 . 0140-6736. free .
- News: Timothy Stamps . . en . 2023-02-11 . 0140-0460.
- News: 11 December 2003 . Baroness' bill to ban smoking . BBC News .
- http://www.age-concern-cardiff.org.uk/patron-ilora-finlay-baroness-finlay-of-llandaff/ Ilora Finlay, Baroness Finlay of Llandaff, Patron, Age Connects Cardiff and the Vale
- http://news.bbc.co.uk/democracylive/hi/house_of_lords/newsid_8593000/8593663.stm Sunbed ban for under-18s approved by peers
- Finlay . Ilora G. . Severi . Katherine . October 2021 . Commentary on Robinson et al .: England needs minimum pricing to tackle alcohol's hidden harms—Scotland's experience shows minimum unit pricing (MUP) on off‐trade alcohol sales is effective . Addiction . en . 116 . 10 . 2708–2709 . 10.1111/add.15578 . 34085346 . 235336608 . 0965-2140. free .
- News: 15 March 2015 . GrassrootDiplomat Who's Who . Grassroot Diplomat . dead . 27 April 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150520125406/http://www.grassrootdiplomat.org/whoswho/ . 20 May 2015.
- Taubert . M . Bounds . L . 1 February 2022 . Advance and future care planning: strategic approaches in Wales . BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care . 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-003498 . BMJ Group.
- Web site: 8 February 2023 . Advance and Future Care Planning . 8 February 2024 . NHS Wales Executive.
- Web site: Taubert . et al . Mark . 19 October 2018 . Talk CPR - a technology project to improve communication in do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation decisions in palliative illness . 8 February 2024 . BMC Palliative Care.