This is a list of sailing frigates of the United States Navy. Frigates were the backbone of the early Navy, although the list shows that many suffered unfortunate fates.
The sailing frigates of the United States built from 1797 on were unique in that their framing was made of American live oak, a particularly hardy genus that made very resilient hulls; as a result of this, the ships were known to withstand damage that would have scuppered frigates of other nations. American frigates were also very heavily armed; the USN's 44s carried 24-pound cannon as opposed to the 18-pounders usual in frigates, and like most ships of the period carried more than their nominal rate, 56 guns or more. On the other hand, the USN classed ships with 20 to 26 guns as "third-class frigates", whereas the Royal Navy did not.
Congress authorized 3 frigates of 18, 13 frigates of 12 (5 of 32, 5 of 28 and 3 of 24)
Name | Class | Rate[1] | Dates of service | Fate | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[2] | 36 | 1778–1785 | abandoned near Philadelphia | ||
[3] | 42 | 1779–1779 | sank after taking Serapis | ||
[4] | 24 | 1777–1780 | captured by the British | ||
36 | 1783 | never completed | |||
Bricole | 36 | 1764 | built in France, Le Havre | ||
36 | 1778–1781 | captured by the British | |||
28 | 1776–1777 | never completed | |||
24 | 1778–1783 | built in France,Nantes | |||
24 | 1776–1777 | captured by the British | |||
28 | 1777 | never completed | |||
28 | 7 June 1777 – 8 July 1777 | captured by Hancock and Boston in June 1777, recaptured by HMS Flora | |||
32 | 1776–1777 | captured by the British | |||
24 | 1776–1777 | destroyed to prevent capture, Hudson River | |||
Protector http://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_ship&id=13309 | 26 | 1779–1781 | captured, become HMS Hussar 1781; 20 guns 586 tons | ||
28 | 1776–1780 | captured by the British, Charleston, South Carolina | |||
28 | 1777–1780 | sunk to avoid capture by the British | |||
32 | 1776–1778 | captured by the British, Matinicus Isle, Maine | |||
32 | 1776–1778 | exploded in battle, 311 killed | |||
44 | 1779–1781 | transferred to the French | |||
40 | 1777–1782 | built in Holland, biggest war-ship | |||
26 | 1779–1780 | built in France, Le Havre | |||
28 | 1776–1781 | captured by the British | |||
28 | 1776–1778 | captured by the British | |||
32 | 1776–1779 | destroyed to prevent capture, Penobscot Expedition | |||
32 | 1776–1777 | destroyed to prevent capture, Philadelphia |
Name | Type | Rate | Class | Dates of service | Fate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2nd class[5] | 28 | 1799–1814 | scuttled and burned to prevent capture | ||
32 | 1798–1801 | sold | |||
28 | 1799–1814 | burned to prevent capture | |||
[6] | 1st class[7] | 50 | [8] | 1825–1864 | destroyed by fire |
36 (38) | 1800–1813 | captured by the British | |||
44 | [9] | 1813–1814 | burned on the stocks to prevent capture | ||
50 | 1838–1861 | scuttled and burned to prevent capture | |||
36 (38) | 1799–1834 | broken up | |||
1st class[10] | 52 | 1841–1862 | burned and sank after action with CSS Virginia | ||
24 | 1799–1801 | sold | |||
36 (38) | 1797–1853 | broken up | |||
44 | 1797 | remains in commission | |||
50 | 1842–1855 | converted to sloop 1855 sunk by CSS Virginia 1862 | |||
22 | 1815–1836[11] | broken up | |||
3rd class[12] | 20 | 1798–1801 | sold | ||
2nd class[13] | 32 | 1799–1814 | captured by the British | ||
3rd class[14] | 24 | 1798–1801 | sold | ||
30 | 1799–1805 | hulked; destroyed by fire 1814 | |||
24 | 1798–1802 | sold | |||
44 | 1814–1841 | broken up | |||
1st class[15] | 44 | 1828–1844 | broken up | ||
54 | 1836–1912 | Built 1814 as a 90-gun ship-of-the-line, razeed 1836, scrapped 1915 at San Francisco. | |||
32 | [16] | 1799–1800 | lost at sea with all hands | ||
44 | 1814–1842 | broken up, Norfolk, Virginia | |||
28 | 1799–1867 | razeed to 20-gun corvette 1807; rebuilt as 24-gun frigate 1812 sold | |||
38 | [17] [18] | 1812–1828 | broken up, Norfolk, Virginia | ||
36 | 1836–1852 | razeed to sloop-of war, 1852 sold 1871 | |||
24 | 1798–1801 | sold | |||
38 | 1814–1823 | sunk | |||
20 | 1798–1799 | sold | |||
36 | 1800–1814 | burned by the British | |||
1st class[19] | 44 (36)[20] | 1799–1804 | captured by Tripoli boarded and burned by Stephen Decatur | ||
64 | 1814–1825 | sold on ways | |||
24 | 1798–1801 | sold | |||
50 | 1831–1877 | sold | |||
44 | 1800–1815 | captured by the British | |||
50 | 1843–1861 | destroyed to prevent capture | |||
52 | 1855–1883 | sold | |||
52 | 1855–1912 | sank at moorings | |||
50 | 1844–1857 | converted to sloop 1857 sold 1883 | |||
50 | 1848–1875 | sold | |||
50 | 1814–1825 | sold | |||
24 | 1799–1801 | sold | |||
44 | 1797–1861 1862–1866 | broken up for scrap | |||
24 | 1799–1801 | sold | |||
Ten additional ships of the Potomac class were appropriated, but never built.