List of women's firsts explained

This is a list of women's firsts noting the first time that a woman or women achieved a given historical feat. A shorthand phrase for this development is "breaking the gender barrier" or "breaking the glass ceiling."[1] [2] Other terms related to the glass ceiling can be used for specific fields related to those terms, such as "breaking the brass ceiling" for women in the military and "breaking the stained glass ceiling" for women clergy.[3] [4] Inclusion on the list is reserved for achievements by women that have significant historical impact.

Aviation and aerospace

See main article: Timeline of women in aviation.

DateNameMilestone
June 4, 1784Élisabeth ThibleFirst known woman to ride in a hot air balloon.[5] [6] [7]
1805Sophie BlanchardFirst woman to pilot a hot air balloon.[8]
March 8, 1910Raymonde de LarocheFirst woman to receive a pilot's license.[9]
1910–1911Lilian BlandFirst woman in the world to design, build, and fly an aircraft.[10] [11]
1912Harriet QuimbyFirst woman to fly across the English Channel.[12]
1912Rayna KasabovaFirst woman to participate in a military flight during the Siege of Odrin.
1914Eugenie Mikhailovna ShakhovskayaFirst woman commissioned as a military pilot; she flew reconnaissance missions for the Czar in 1914.[13] [14]
1915Marie MarvingtFirst woman to fly a fighter plane in combat.[15] [16]
1930Amy JohnsonFirst woman to fly from Britain to Australia.[17]
1932Amelia EarhartFirst woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.[18]
1933Lotfia ElNadiFirst African woman and first Arab woman to earn a pilot's license.
1937Sabiha GökçenThe first military woman to fly combat missions.
October 17, 1951Touria ChaouiThe first Moroccan and Maghrebi female pilot[19]
May 18, 1953Jacqueline CochranFirst woman to break the sound barrier.[20]
1957Jackie MoggridgeFirst woman to become a British airline captain.[21]
June 16, 1963Valentina TereshkovaFirst woman in space.[22]
1963Betty MillerFirst female pilot to fly solo across the Pacific Ocean.[23]
1964Jerrie MockFirst woman to fly solo around the world.[24]
1964Joan Merriam SmithJoan was the first person in history to fly solo around the world at the equator, the first person to complete the longest single solo flight around the world, the first woman to fly a twin-engine aircraft around the world, the first woman to fly the Pacific Ocean from west to east in a twin-engine plane, the first woman to receive an airline transport rating at the age of 23, and the youngest woman to complete a solo flight around the world.
1973Rosella BjornsonFirst female pilot for a commercial airline in North America
1976Emily Howell WarnerFirst woman to become an American airline captain.[25] [26]
1978Judy CameronFirst female pilot hired to fly for a major Canadian carrier (Air Canada).[27]
1984Svetlana SavitskayaFirst woman to space walk.[28]
1991Sony RanaNepal's first licensed female commercial airline pilot.[29] [30]
February 1995Eileen CollinsFirst female Space Shuttle commander.[31]
2004Irene Koki Mutungi, from KenyaFirst African woman to qualify to captain a commercial aircraft; she qualified to command the Boeing 737.[32]
2005Hanadi Zakaria al-HindiFirst Saudi woman to become a commercial airline pilot.[33]
September 18, 2006Anousheh AnsariFirst female space tourist.[34]
2009Patricia Mawuli NyekodziGhana's first female civilian pilot, and the first woman in West Africa certified to build and maintain Rotax engines.[35]
2014Nicola Scaife, from AustraliaWinner of the first women's hot air balloon world championship, which was held in Poland.[36]
2015DaliaIraq's first female commercial airline pilot.[37]
2015Ouma LaoualiNiger's first female pilot.[38]

Dentistry

See main article: Timeline of women in dentistry and Timeline of women in American dentistry.

Education

See main article: Female education, Timeline of women in education worldwide and Women in education in the United States.

YearNameMilestone
c. 1239Bettisia GozzadiniFirst woman to teach at a university (lectured in law at the University of Bologna)
1384Katherine, Lady BerkeleyFounded Katharine Lady Berkeley's School, the first founded by a layperson, the first founded by a woman, and the first to offer free education to anyone.[39]
1608Juliana MorellFirst woman to earn a doctorate degree.[40]
1678Elena Cornaro PiscopiaFirst woman to earn a Philosophy doctorate degree.[41] [42]
1732Laura BassiFirst woman to officially teach at a European university.[43] [44] [45]
1874Grace Annie LockhartFirst woman in the British Empire to receive a Bachelor's degree
1875Stefania Wolicka-ArndFirst woman to receive a PhD in the modern era.[46] [47]
1891Juana MirandaEcuador's first female university professor.[48]
1912Anna Jane McKeagFirst woman president of Wilson College
1935Kate Galt ZaneisFirst woman president of a public college or university (Southeastern Normal College now Southeastern Oklahoma State)

General business

History

International bodies

Journalism

Library science

See main article: Timeline of women in library science.

Mathematics

See main article: Timeline of women in mathematics and Timeline of women in mathematics in the United States.

Military

See main article: Women in the military.

Music

Nobel Prizes

Politics

See main article: List of the first female holders of political offices. Historic firsts for women as heads of state or government:

Racing

Religion

See main article: Timeline of women in religion, Ordination of women, Ordination of women in Protestant denominations, Timeline of women hazzans, Timeline of women rabbis and Timeline of women hazzans in the United States.

Sports

See main article: Timeline of women's sports.

See also

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Magistrate judge who broke glass ceiling to retire. August 15, 2013 . Spokesman.com . September 6, 2013.
  2. Web site: Devlin . Ron . Robesonia woman recalls breaking National Guard gender barrier . Readingeagle.com . September 6, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131023154648/http://readingeagle.com/article.aspx?id=505752 . October 23, 2013 . dead .
  3. News: Ann Dunwoody: Soldiering Is All I Ever Wanted To Do . Forbes . November 11, 2009. September 6, 2013 . Heidi . Brown.
  4. Web site: News – New Presiding Bishop on the horizon . VirtueOnline . September 6, 2013.
  5. Gene Nora Jessen, The Powder Puff Derby of 1929, pg xi
  6. Ernst Probst Königinnen der Lüfte in Frankreich 2010 Page 61 "Élisabeth Thible Die erste Passagierin einer Montgolfière Die erste Frau, die in einer Montgolfière in die Luft abhob, war die französische Opernsängerin Élisabeth Thible, nach anderer Schreibweise auch Tible."
  7. Justin D. Murphy -Military Aircraft, Origins To 1918 2005 – Page 6 "In February 1784, Paolo Andreani, Agostino Gerli, and Carlo Gerli ascended in a Montgolfière outside Milan. On 4 June 1784, Élisabeth Thible became the first female aeronaut when she ascended over Lyons."
  8. Web site: Sophie Blanchard – The High Flying Frenchwoman Who Revealed the Thrill and Danger of Ballooning | Past Imperfect . Blogs.smithsonianmag.com . September 6, 2013.
  9. Web site: This Week in History: The World's First Female Pilot Licensed | Golden Gazette News & This Day in History . Goldenagestories.com . February 29, 2012 . September 6, 2013 . dead . https://archive.today/20130906152846/http://www.goldenagestories.com/news/2012/02/29/this-week-in-history-the-first-female-pilot-licensed-in-the-world/1524 . September 6, 2013 .
  10. Lewis (1964), p. 140
  11. News: McIlwaine . Eddie . Journalist, photographer, crackshot and the first woman to fly an aeroplane ... the amazing Lilian Bland . October 5, 2012 . Belfast Telegraph . August 12, 2010.
  12. Web site: First Woman to Fly the English Channel, 1912. March 14, 2015.
  13. Web site: Women Combat Pilots of WW1 . October 18, 2010 . Princess Eugenie M. Shakhovskaya was Russia's first woman military pilot. Served with the 1st Field Air Squadron. Unknown if she actually flew any combat missions, and she was ultimately charged with treason and attempting to flee to enemy lines. Sentenced to death by firing squad, sentence commuted to life imprisonment by the Tsar, freed during the Revolution, became chief executioner for Gen. Tchecka and drug addict, shot one of her assistants in a narcotic delerium and was herself shot. . Monash University.
  14. Web site: 300 Women who changed the world . October 18, 2010 . In Russia, Princess Eugenie Shakhovskaya is the first female military pilot. She flies reconnaissance missions. . Encyclopædia Britannica.
  15. News: 1915 – First woman pilot in combat missions as a bomber pilot – Marie Marvingt (France) . Centennial of Women Pilots . January 10, 2015 . In 1915, Marvingt became the first woman in the world to fly combat missions when she became a volunteer pilot flying bombing missions over German-held territory and she received the Croix de Guerre (Military Cross) for her aerial bombing of a German military base in Metz. . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150111004457/http://www.centennialofwomenpilots.com/content/1915-first-woman-pilot-combat-missions-bomber-pilot-marie-marvingt-france . January 11, 2015 .
  16. Historic Wings – Online Magazine; Article on Hélène Dutrieu Coupe Femina and Marie Marvingt:, Published on December 21, 2012:

    Retrieved January 10, 2015.

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  18. Web site: 1932 – First woman pilot to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean – Amelia Earhart (United States). March 14, 2015. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402104531/http://www.centennialofwomenpilots.com/node/47. April 2, 2015.
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  50. Web site: Anna Bissell: America's First Female CEO Sweeping Up The Competition . July 30, 2022 . https . de.
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  52. Web site: Biography: Maggie Lena Walker . July 30, 2022 . Biography: Maggie Lena Walker . en.
  53. Web site: Helena Rubinstein American businesswoman Britannica . July 30, 2022 . Encyclopædia Britannica . en.
  54. Web site: A Brief History of Female Fortune 500 CEOs Lead Read Today . July 30, 2022 . Lead Read Today Fisher College of Business . en.
  55. Web site: Alice Walton . July 30, 2022 . Forbes . en.
  56. Web site: Andrea Jung . July 30, 2022 . Forbes . en.
  57. Web site: Martha Stewart's Net Worth Is Nothing But Very Good Things! How the Domestic Diva Made Her Fortune Parade: Entertainment, Recipes, Health, Life, Holidays . July 30, 2022 . parade.com.
  58. Web site: GM's Mary Barra becomes first woman to oversee the Business Roundtable . July 30, 2022 . CNN . en.
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