Conflict: | Maoist insurgency in Bangladesh |
Date: | 1993-2021 [1] |
Place: | Khulna (mainly), Bangladesh |
Result: | Bangladesh Government victory |
Combatant1: | Bangladesh |
Combatant2: | PBCP---- PBCP-J---- PBSP (inactive)----BCP (inactive)----GMF (inactive) |
Combatant3: | Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh |
Casualties4: | 1,200+ deaths[3] [4] [5] |
The Maoist insurgency in Bangladesh was a conflict between the government of Bangladesh and the PBCP and the PBCP-J.
The Purbo Banglar Communist Party was founded in 1968. During the Bangladesh Liberation War the group aligned itself with Pakistan and China against Bangladeshi nationalists and the Soviet Union.[6]
The PBCP became involved in criminal activites in the 1990s in order to finance itself.[7] In 1993 the PBCP started a war against the BCP for control over Khulna and for ideological differences (the BCP is exclusively Maoist while the PBCP had become a mixture of Maoism and Naxalitism).[5] In the 2000s the PBCP underwent several splits, the most important of which took place in 2003, forming the PBCP-J(Purga Banglar Communist Party-Janajuddha, dedicated to socialist revolution) thus starting an internal conflict that has killed 18 people.[8] In 2002, Gazi Kamrul, the founder of BCP, was detained from his residence during Operation Clean Heart on 23 August 2002.[9] Since 2005 the PBCP has begun to extend its insurrection with terrorist attacks, clashing with the government and with rival Islamist groups.[10] In 2006, the PBCP-J also began to carry out attacks and clashed with the government.[10] Between 2005 and 2006, 379 people died in the insurgency.[3] After this period, the insurrection diminished in intensity from year to year with fewer incidents.
Year | Deaths | |
---|---|---|
1993 | 34 | |
1994 | 8 | |
1995 | 2 | |
2000 | 3 | |
2001 | 3 | |
2002 | 43 | |
2003 | 133 | |
2004 | 212 | |
2005 | 193 | |
2006 | 186 | |
2007 | 72 | |
2008 | 54 | |
2009 | 86 | |
2010 | 39 | |
2011 | 19 | |
2012 | 10 | |
2013 | 24 | |
2014 | 12 | |
2015 | 14 | |
2016 | 17 | |
2017 | 13 | |
2018 | 8 | |
2019 | 3 | |
2020 | 2 | |
2021 | 1 | |
2022 | 0 | |
2023 | 0 | |
Total | 1,191+[11] [12] |
From 1993 to 2022 there were 1,191+ deaths in the insurgency. From the period 2003-2006 (the most violent period of the insurgency) there were 724 deaths.