Typhoon Tess (1953) Explained

Typhoon Tess
Formed:September 17, 1953
Dissipated:September 27, 1953
Pressure:900
Winds:150
Basin:wpac
Year:1953
Fatalities:393
Missing:85
Areas:Japan
Season:1953 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Tess was a typhoon that caused great damage to Japan (especially the Kinki region) in September 1953 while Japan was still in the middle of post-war recovery.[1] [2] [3] The name 'Typhoon Tess' has been attributed to eleven other tropical cyclones.

Meteorological history

On September 16, a weak tropical cyclone formed in the eastern Caroline Islands.[4] It remained relatively weak until around the September 21, but on the 22nd it strengthened rapidly. The pressure of Typhoon Tess was 993mb at 9:00 (JST) on the same day, and dropped to 900mb at 15:00 JST.[5] Such a sudden increase in power is extremely rare. This pressure drop corresponds to the largest of Pacific typhoons since 1951.[6] [7] Tess finally crossed the Shima Peninsula and made landfall to Aichi Prefecture on the September 25.

Impact

The number of people killed by Tess was 393, while 85 were missing. Japan suffered some large-scale disasters with more than 1,000 of casualties. When compared to the June 1953 North Kyushu flood and Wakayama flood, the damage caused by Typhoon Tess was relatively mild but still destructive, with 86,398 houses are destroyed, 495,875 flooded houses, 318,657 hectares of damaged agricultural fields and 5,582 damaged ships.[3]

The Coast Act

Storm surge damages caused by a large number of typhoons were interfering with Japan's post-war recovery, especially Typhoon Tess of 1953.[8] The history of Japan's modern typhoon-induced coastal disaster prevention works began with Typhoon Tess and led to the enactment of the Coast Act in 1956.[9]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 台風第13号 昭和28年 (1953) 9月22日~9月26日. August 30, 2020. www.data.jma.go.jp. JA.
  2. Web site: デジタル台風:台風195313号 (TESS) – 災害情報. August 30, 2020. agora.ex.nii.ac.jp. JA.
  3. Web site: Digital Typhoon: Typhoon 195313 (TESS) – Disaster Information. August 30, 2020. agora.ex.nii.ac.jp. en.
  4. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jmsj1923/36/2/36_2_59/_pdf A Synoptic Verification of the Development of a Tropical Cyclone into a Severe Typhoon
  5. Web site: デジタル台風:台風195313号 (TESS) – 詳細経路情報(Google Maps版). August 31, 2020. agora.ex.nii.ac.jp.
  6. Web site: Digital Typhoon: Typhoon List. August 31, 2020. agora.ex.nii.ac.jp.
  7. Web site: デジタル台風:過去もっとも急速に発達した台風を知りたいのですが、どのように調べればいいのでしょうか? – レシピ集. August 31, 2020. agora.ex.nii.ac.jp. ja.
  8. Web site: Preparing for Coastal Disasters by Taro Arikawa . Chuo University .
  9. Web site: Lessons Learned from Storm Surge Disasters and Technical Issues on Countermeasures in Japan by Hiroyasu Kawai. Port and Airport Research Institute, National Institute of Maritime, Port and Aviation Technology .